Objective To developed a multifunctional nanoparticle system to stimulate bone regeneration and vascularization as a therapeutics strategy for osteopovost.Methods Poly(D,L-lactide)(PLA)-based nanoparticles were fabricated to encapsulate the icariin,which is renowned for its osteogenic potential.These nanoparticles were then coated with red blood cell membranes to enhance biocompatibility.To further improve targeting specificity,a bone-targeted polymer-lipid consisting of alendronate-modified PEG-DSPE was synthesized and incorporated into the cell membrane coating.Results The delivery system was designed to modulate the function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,thereby enhancing both osteogenesis and angiogenesis.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that the therapeutic system could enhance bone formation and vascularization in vitro,indicating its potential as an advanced treatment strategy for osteoporosis.