背景：经动脉穿刺行冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）是心血管疾病常见的诊疗手段，但术后常并发术侧上肢肿胀、血肿等并发症，影响患者康复进程。传统护理方法如硫酸镁湿敷效果有限，探索安全有效的中医外治方案具有重要临床意义。目的：探讨芒硝与大黄中药热奄包对经动脉介入术后肿胀的临床疗效及护理要点。方法：总结芒硝与大黄的药理作用，阐述热奄包的制备方法、应用时机、操作流程及注意事项，结合63例PCI术后患者的临床观察数据进行分析。结果：中药热奄包干预组在术后肿胀消退时间、疼痛评分（VAS）、臂围变化及患者舒适度（GCQ）方面均显著优于常规护理组（P<0.05）。结论：芒硝与大黄中药热奄包能有效促进经动脉介入术后肿胀消退，减轻疼痛，提高患者舒适度，操作简便安全，值得临床推广使用。

        目的 探究四子散中药封包药熨在股骨骨折术后疼痛及肿胀中的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2024年6月—2025年5月婺源县人民医院骨科收治的60例股骨骨折术后患者, 随机分为观察组（30例,常规治疗+四子散中药封包药熨）与对照组（30例,常规治疗）。比较两组治疗前后疼痛评分（NRS-11）、肿胀程度评分、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平及不良事件发生率。结果 治疗前两组患者疼痛、肿胀评分、CRP、IL-6水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）; 治疗1周后,观察组疼痛评分为（2.11±0.48）分、肿胀程度为（0.35±0.43）度、CRP为（12.23±3.12）mg/L、IL-6为（16.03±4.01）ng/L,均低于对照组的（3.54±0.56）分、（1.04±0.58）度、（24.31±4.51）mg/L、（23.19±6.75）ng/L,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。观察组与对照组均无发生不良事件。结论 四子散中药封包药熨可缓解股骨骨折术后疼痛及肿胀,安全性良好。

       Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of Sizi powder pack hot compress in the treatment of pain and swelling after femoral fracture surgery．Methods From June 2024 to May 2025, 60 patients after femoral fracture surgery were admitted to the Orthopedics Department of Wuyuan County People's Hospital and randomly divided into observation group（30 cases, conventional treatment+Sizi power pack hot compress）and control group（30 cases, conventional treatment）． The pain score（NRS-11）, swelling score, CRP,IL-6 levels and incidence of adverse events before and after treatment were compared between the two groups．Results There was no significant difference in pain and swelling scores between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）．After 1 week of treatment, the pain score（2.11±0.48）, swelling score（0.35±0.43）, CRP（12.23±3.12 mg/L）, IL-6（16.03±4.01 ng/L）levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（3.54±0.56, 1.04±0.58, 24.31±4.51 mg/L, 16.03+4.01 ng/L）, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.001）．There were no adverse events in the observation group or the control group．Conclusions Sizi power pack hot compress can significantly alleviate the pain and swelling after femoral fracture surgery,and with good safety．

目的 探索冰袋冷敷对膝关节前交叉韧带重建术后关节疼痛肿胀和活动度的影响。方法 回顾性分析自2021年1月—2021年7月在我院因前交叉韧带损伤行前交叉韧带重建术的患者资料,将符合标准的71例行单侧前交叉韧带重建术的患者按住院号的单双号分成2组。其中,对照组38名患者,试验组33名患者。对照组38名患者术后不用冰袋冷敷;试验组33名患者术后采用冰袋冷敷。用视觉模拟评分表评估对照组和试验组患者术前、术后的疼痛,并测量患者的膝关节肿胀程度和活动度。结果 对照组和试验组患者术前视觉模拟评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组在术后6、24、48、72小时四个不同的时间点时疼痛视觉模拟评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);对照组和试验组患者术前关节活动度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组在术后4、5、6、7天四个不同的时间点时关节活动度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);对照组和试验组患者术前膝关节肿胀程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组在术后1、2、3天三个不同的时间点时膝关节肿胀程度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 冰袋冷敷能够有效减轻前交叉韧带重建术后膝关节疼痛肿胀并改善关节活动度。

Objective To explore the effect of ice pack cold compress on joint pain,swelling and motion after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods The data of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction due to anterior cruciate ligament injury in our hospital from January 2021 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and 71 patients who received unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction meeting the standards were divided into two groups according to the odd and even numbers of hospital admission. There were 38 patients in the control group and 33 patients in the experimental group. Thirty-eight patients in the control group did not use ice packs after surgery. Thirty-three patients in experimental group were treated with ice pack after operation. Visual analogue scale was used to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative pain of the control group and experimental group,and the degree of knee swelling and range of motion were measured. Results There was no significant difference in preoperative visual analogue scale between control group and experimental group (P>0.05). The scores of pain in the experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group at 6,24,48 and 72 hours after surgery,with statistical significance (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in preoperative range of motion between control group and experimental group(P>0.05), the range of motion of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group at four different time points of 4,5,6 and 7 days after operation,with statistical significance(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the degree of preoperative knee joint swelling between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05),and the degree of knee joint swelling in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group on,1,2 and 3 days after surgery,three different time points, with statistically significant difference(P<0.001). Conclusions Ice pack cold compress can effectively reduce the pain and swelling of the knee joint after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and improve the range of motion of the joint.

目的 探讨拔牙窝内填塞富血小板纤维蛋白（PRF）对双侧下颌阻生智齿拔除术后患者局部疼痛和肿胀程度的影响。方法 回顾性分析2019年10月—2022年1月于我院接受双侧下颌阻生智齿拔除术的82例患者的一般资料,按照术后有无使用PRF分为2组,每组41例。常规组41例仅给予下颌阻生智齿拔除术治疗、不使用PRF,PRF组41例在常规组基础上给予拔牙窝内填塞PRF治疗,观察2组牙周恢复情况、术后不同时间节段疼痛和肿胀情况、并发症发生率。结果 拔除前2组患者牙周袋间距（PD）和附着丧失（AL）对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,随访6个月后2组PD、AL均下降且PRF组低于常规组（P<0.05）;拔除前2组患者视觉模拟评分量表（VAS）、肿胀度以及张口度均对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,拔除第1、3、5、7天VAS评分、肿胀度均下降且PRF组低于常规组,张口度上升且PRF组大于常规组（P<0.05）;PRF组出血（2.44%）、感染（2.44%）以及干槽症（0.00%）的发生率略高于常规组（14.64%）、（7.32%）、（4.88%）,但组间对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 对双侧下颌阻生智齿拔除术后患者予以PRF填塞拔牙窝,可减轻疼痛和肿胀度,缓解张口受限,修复磨牙远中骨缺损,不影响并发症的发生率。