目的 探讨影响初次机采血小板献血者再次捐献的相关因素,为制定机采献血者保留策略提供依据。方法 选择2016年1月1日—2016年12月31日在广州血液中心首次成功捐献机采血小板的13 899例献血者为研究对象,分析每个献血者献血时性别、年龄、文化程度、是否发生献血不良反应与下一年度是否再次捐献机采血小板的相关性。结果 男性献血者再次捐献率(10.68%)高于女性献血者再次捐献率(8.94%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);献血者年龄18～25岁组再次捐献率最高为12.86%,46～60岁组再次捐献率最低为6.46%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001);献血者文化程度高中或职中组再次捐献率最高为11.23%,本科或以上组再次捐献率最低为8.94%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001);未发生不良反应献血者再次捐献率(10.37%)高于发生不良反应献血者再次捐献率(5.56%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 男性、年龄较小、文化程度较低和未发生献血不良反应的献血者更愿意返回再次捐献机采血小板,对这部分献血者采取针对性保留措施,有利于建立起一支固定捐献机采血小板的献血者队伍。

Objective To explore the related factors affecting the re-donation of the first apheresis platelet donors, and to provide a basis for the retention strategy. Methods A total of 13 899 blood donors who successfully donated apheresis platelets for the first time in Guangzhou Blood Center from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 were selected as subjects. The correlation among gender, age, education level, adverse reactions of blood donation and whether platelet collection was re-donated in the next year was analyzed. Results Re-donation rate of male blood donors (10.68%) was higher than that of female blood donors (8.94%). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Re-donation rate of blood donors aged 18～25 was the highest 12.86%, and that of 46～60 was the lowest 6.46%. The difference was significant (P<0.001). Re-donation rate of high school or vocational college blood donors was the highest 11.23%. The lowest re-donation rate was 8.94% in the undergraduate group or above, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.001). The re-donation rate of donors without adverse reactions (10.37%) was higher than that of donors with adverse reactions (5.56%). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Male, younger, less educated and no adverse reactions to blood donation are more willing to return to donate platelet again. Targeting these donors for reserve measure will conducive to the establishment of a fixed platelet donor team.

目的 探讨科学的出院后营养管理对肠道术后新生儿体格追赶的效果,分析影响体格追赶的相关因素。方法 通过营养门诊对出院术后婴儿及社区婴儿进行个体化营养喂养指导和营养咨询,比较两组每月体质量、身长及头围,并随访至生后9月龄。两组生后半年生长趋势行重复测量检验。结果 第1月龄时,手术组患儿体质量、身长、头围均落后于对照组婴儿(P<0.001, P=0.004, P=0.008),第2月龄时,手术组患儿体质量、头围仍落后于对照组(P=0.003,P=0.031),第4月龄时,手术组体质量低于对照组(P=0.012),第5～9月龄,两组体格指标均无明显差异。生后半年内两组的生长趋势差异无统计学意义。前半年身长的增长与出生身长、父母文化以及父亲的不良习惯存在负相关关系,头围的增长与住院天数呈明显负相关关系、与出生以及首诊时的体格状况呈正相关关系。结论 合理喂养对新生儿肠道术后体格追赶有利,帮助其接近正常生长曲线。再次手术可能是导致体质量增长下降的主要因素,但未明显影响身长、头围的正常增长。出生时和就诊时的体格状况、父母教育程度和不良习惯以及住院天数均是影响体格追赶的相关因素。

Objective To investigate the effect of scientific nutrition management after discharge on neonatal physical catch-up after intestinal operation, and to analyze the related factors affecting physical catch-up. Methods Individualized nutritional feeding instruction and nutrition consultation were performed on infants and community infants after discharge from hospital through nutrition clinic. The monthly body weight, body length and head circumference were compared between the two groups, and followed up to 9 months old. The growth trend of the two groups in half a year after birth was tested by repeated measurement. Results At the first month of age, the body weight, body length and head circumference of the patients in the operation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.001, P=0.004, P=0.008). At the second month, the body weight and head circumference of the operation group were still behind those of the control group (P=0.003, P=0.031), and at the fourth month of age, the weight and head circumference of the patients in the operation group were still lower than those in the control group. The body weight of the operation group was lower than that of the control group (P=0.012), and there was no diffence in the physical indexes between the two groups at the age of 5~9 months. There was no statistical significance in growth trend between the two groups within half a year after birth. The growth of body length in the first half of the year had a negative correlation with the length of birth, parents' culture and father's bad habits. The growth of head circumference had a negative correlation with the length of stay in hospital, and had a positive correlation with the physical condition at birth and at first visit. Conclusion Reasonable feeding is beneficial to the physical catch-up of the newborn after intestinal operation and helps them approach the normal growth curve. Reoperation may be the main cause of weight loss, but it does not affect the normal growth of body length and head circumference. The physical condition at birth and medical visit, parents' education level, bad habit and hospitalization days were all related factors of physical catch-up.

目的 了解农民工对入职体检结果异常的遵医行为状况及影响因素,为临床治疗、护理和健康教育提供相应的依据。方法 对106例在我院行入职体检且结果异常的农民工进行遵医行为的问卷调查,且对影响因素进行分析。结果 遵医行为好的有20例,一般的有38例,差的有48例;年龄、性别、文化程度、职业类型、疾病种类、经济收入对农民工的遵医行为均有影响(P＜0.01)。结论 农民工对入职体检结果异常的遵医行为不容乐观,建议国家或相关省市出台相关政策和法规,为农民工提供相应的健康保障;医疗机构要加大健康教育力度,提高农民工的健康意识和倡导健康行为,降低慢性病的发病率。

Objective To investigate migrant workers' medical compliance after receiving abnormal entry health examination results and relevant factors affecting compliance behavior, providing evidence to clinical treatment, nursing and health education. Methods 106 migrant workers who took part in entry health examination in our hospital and got abnormal results were accepted questionnaires and the relative factors were analyzed. Results 20 migrant workers had good compliance behavior, and 38 workers performed normally while 48 workers did bad. Age, gender, education, type of occupation, type of illness, and income all had influence on compliance behavior (P<0.01). Conclusion The recent condition of migrant workers' medical compliance on abnormal entry health examination results is not good. Therefore the country or province departments should carry out relative laws or policies, providing migrant workers with health support; Medical institutions should promote health education to improve migrant workers' health awareness and health behavior and reduce incidence of chronic diseases.

目的 了解DFU患者的TXA2表达水平的变化及其影响因素,并讨论其与糖尿病血管病变的严重程度的相关性。方法 选择我院内分泌科2009年6月—2012年12月收治的2型糖尿病足部溃疡并坏疽形成的患者共30例、DFU非坏疽组38例、无DFU的2型糖尿病组患者40例,收集其一般资料及检查结果。分析TXA2的表达水平与其他资料的关系。并采用相关分析TXA2的稳定代谢产物TXB2水平升高的危险因素。结果 年龄、糖尿病病程、吸烟、BMI、血浆白蛋白与TXB2水平相关。结论 2型糖尿病足部溃疡患者的血浆血栓素A2水平显著增高,并且表达水平与病情严重程度相关,且与糖尿病病程、血脂、血糖 、血胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数水平、血压控制水平等呈明显相关关系。提示其可作为 2 型糖尿病患者血管内皮功能及动脉硬化的早期反映。

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者牙周病发生情况及相关因素,为开展综合预防和治疗措施提供参考。方法 选取到我院住院治疗的老年2型糖尿病患者273例,检查其牙周病患病情况,同时收集年龄、性别、文化程度、体重指数、病程、吸烟、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、刷牙习惯等资料,比较牙周病患病组与未患病组之间上述资料的差异,探讨导致牙周病发生的影响因素。结果 273例研究对象中患有牙周病154例(56.41%),其中,牙龈炎60例,牙周炎94例。牙周病组平均存留牙数(18.54±6.31)颗,未患牙周病组平均存留牙数(21.62±7.48)颗(t=3.679,P<0.001)。年龄较大(P<0.001)、病程较长(P<0.001)、吸烟(P<0.001)、空腹血糖(P<0.001)和糖化血红蛋白(P<0.001)水平较高是老年2型糖尿病患者发生牙周病的危险因素,而文化程度高(P=0.017),刷牙>1次/d(P<0.001),竖刷(P=0.004),使用牙线(P=0.004)是其保护因素。结论 老年2型糖尿病患者中牙周病患病率较高,临床上应做好三级预防措施,降低牙周病发生风险因素的暴露。

Objective To explore the periodontal disease occurrence and its factors for elderly type 2 diabetes patients, providing reference for comprehensive prevention and treatment measures. Methods 273 cases of elderly in-patients with type 2 diabetes in our hospital were enrolled. We checked their periodontal disease conditions, collected information including age, sex, educational level, body mass index, disease duration, smoking, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, brushing habits. These values were compared between periodontal disease group and no periodontal disease group. Results People with periodontal disease in 273 cases of the object of study included 154 patients (56.41%), among them, gingivitis 60 cases, 94 cases of periodontitis. The teeth number was (18.54±6.31) for periodontal disease group on average, with (21.62 ±7.48) for no periodontal disease group (t=3.679, P<0.001). Older (P<0.001), longer course of disease (P<0.001), smoking (P<0.001), higher fasting blood glucose (P<0.001) and higher glycosylated hemoglobin (P<0.001) were risk factors of periodontal disease for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. And well-educated (P=0.017), brushing teeth frequency > 1 / d (P<0.001), vertical brush mode (P=0.004), the use of dental floss (P=0.004) were the protective factors. Conclusion Periodontal disease prevalence is high in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The three level preventive measures should be strengthened to reduce the exposure of the periodontal disease risk factors.

目的 了解佛山市南海区美沙酮治疗门诊重入组维持治疗患者与长期维持治疗患者的治疗依从性。方法 选择佛山市南海区第五人民医院美沙酮治疗门诊自2007年12月—2013年12月30日的全部重入组治疗者作为研究组,同时选择部分长期维持治疗者作为对照组。对全部研究对象通过查阅社区门诊美沙酮维持治疗管理系统及问卷调查获取患者资料。结果 MMT重入组患者与长期维持治疗患者的职业状况、经济来源、居住情况之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重入组MMT治疗者与对照组相比,无业/待业的比例较大(88.7% vs 73.3%),多数为独居(26.1% vs 5.3%);而对照组MMT治疗者的经济来源大多来自家庭朋友供给(85.3%)。两组患者首次吸毒年龄和吸毒方式的分布之间存在差异(P<0.05)。重入组MMT治疗者与对照组相比,患者的首次吸毒年龄主要集中在20~30岁,占61.4%;重入组患者注射吸毒比例更高。重入组在治者的服药剂量低于对照组;且重入组在治者的服药参与率、尿检参与率均低于对照组,而重入组在治者的尿检阳性率低于对照组。结论 MMT门诊患者中重入组者占较大比例,重入组在治MMT患者的服药依从性较长期维持治疗患者差。