目的 探讨支气管肺类癌的CT表现,为临床诊断提供更多信息。方法 回顾性地分析我院8例经病理证实的支气管肺类癌患者的CT资料及临床表现,并复习相关文献。结果 8例CT表现均为肺内单发病灶,其中周围型2例,中央型6例,病理证实非典型类癌2例,典型类癌6例;6例边界清楚,且密度多均匀;2例呈分叶状,1例边缘毛糙、伴短毛刺;5例病灶内部见钙化灶,1例病灶内见脂肪成分,1例见少量胸积液;5例肿块表现为“冰山征”,2例表现为支气管腔内结节,1例病灶边缘毗邻支气管分支;6例出现阻塞性肺不张或肺实变;增强扫描5例强化较明显,CT值升高≥30HU,其中2例不典型类癌强化不均匀,2例见可见强化血管影;3例呈轻-中度强化表现。结论 支气管肺类癌的CT表现具有一定特征性,对于临床诊断有一定价值,但其确诊多需要依靠病理检查。

Objective To investigate the CT findings of bronchial carcinoid and to provide more information for clinical diagnosis. Methods The CT findings and clinicaldata were retrospectively analyzed in 8 patientsconfirmed by biopsy. Results All the 8 cases manifested as single round mass on CT images, including 2 peripheral lesions and 6 central lesions. It was proved that 2 atypical tumors and 6 typical tumors. CT findings of these cases consisted of well-defined border and uniform density(6 cases),lobulated contour(2 cases) and rough margin with short burr(1 case). 5 cases contained calcification,1 case contained fat component and 1 case contained a small amount of pleural lesionscould present as an “iceberg sign”(5 cases), intra-bronchial nodule(2 cases) or near the edge of the bronchus(1 case).The obstructive atelectasis or pulmonary consolidation was found in 6 cases. On CT contrast scanning, these lesions presented relatively significant enhancement(5 cases),usually the CT value increased ≥30HU, in which 2 cases of atypical carcinoid were inhomogeneous enhancement, and 2 cases showed enhanced vascular and mild to moderte enhancement(3 cases). Conclusion The CT findings of bronchial carcinoid have certain characteristics, which are certain value for clinical diagnosis, but the final diagnosis mostly depends on pathology.

       目的   对该培训基地师资2021—2023年教学能力进行评价，了解和分析“1+3+n”的院级督导推行前的2021年、“1+3+n”的院级督导推行后的 2022年、2023年师资的教学能力变化。方法   采用问卷调查法收集评价数据，采用SPSS.27.0对教学评价资料进行统计分析，采用净推荐值计算教学口碑，对多年度结果进行纵向比较分析。结果  2021—2023年教学评价次数共5 483次；2021—2023年对师资教学设计能力评价由实施前的8.8提高到9.6、教学实施能力由实施前的9.0提高到9.5、教学热情由实施前的9.0提高到10.0、时间投入由实施前的9.3提高到10.0，不同年份组间比较的差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.001）；课程净推荐值由实施前的60.5%提高到81.3%，师资课程推荐者占比由实施前的65.5%提高到83.2%，贬损者占比由实施前的5.0%降低到1.9%，差异有统计学意义（χ ² =175.4，P＜0.001）。结论   “1+3+n”院级督导模式的相关举措，对师资教学能力的提高具有促进作用，且该促进作用持续存在，师资教学能力逐年递增。

    Objective  To evaluate the teaching ability change of teachers  from 2021 to 2023，including of teachers’ teaching ability in 2021 before the implementation of "1+3+n" college-level supervision，and in  2022  and  2023  after the implementation of "1+3+n" college-level supervision．Methods  Questionnaire survey was used to collect evaluation data，SPSS.27.0 was used to make statistical analysis of teaching evaluation data，and NPS（Net Promoter Score）was used to evaluate teaching quality．Results  From 2021 to 2023，there were 5483 teaching evaluations．From 2021 to 2023，teaching design ability evaluation score increased from 8.8 before the implementation to 9.6，teaching implementation ability evaluation score increased from 9.0 before the implementation to 9.5，teaching enthusiasm evaluation score increased from 9.0 before the implementation to 10.0，time investment evaluation score increased from 9.3 before the implementation to 10.0，and the differences between different years were statistically significant（P＜0.001）．The courses quality increased from 60.5% before the implementation to 81.3%，and the proportion of teachers' course recommenders has increased from 65.5% before the implementation to 83.2%，while the proportion of detractors has decreased from 5.0% before the implementation to 1.9%，with statistical significance（χ ² =175.4，P＜0.001）．Conclusions  The measures of "1+3+n" college-level supervision mode promote the improvement of teachers’ teaching ability，the promotion effect persists，and the teaching ability increases year by year．