目的 分析接受永久性膀胱造瘘男性患者相关尿标本病原菌学分布特点及耐药性,进一步为药物防治导管伴随性尿路感染提供科学依据。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月—2021年8月我院收治的368例接受永久性膀胱造瘘男性患者尿标本病原菌分离培养结果,观察其病原菌构成和分布特征,进一步分析相关耐药性。结果 (1)本组接受永久性膀胱造瘘男性患者共368例,尿培养阳性316例,阳性率85.87%(316/368);共分离出病原菌112株,分离率30.43%(112/368),其中革兰阴性菌80株,占71.43%(80/112),以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌为主;革兰阳性菌31株,占27.68%(31/112),以表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌为主;真菌1株,占0.89%(1/112)。(2)大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林耐药率66.67%、哌拉西林64.71%、头孢曲松60.78%、头孢他啶60.78%、环丙沙星62.75%,对青霉素耐药率较低,仅为5.88%,对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药性为0。铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林、头孢噻肟完全耐药,耐药率高达100.00%;对头孢曲松83.33%、哌拉西林72.20%、头孢他啶72.22%;对庆大霉素的耐药率较低,仅为16.67%,对亚胺培南、美罗培南无耐药性。(3)表皮葡萄球菌对氨苄西林耐药性和青霉素的耐药性均为100.00%;对哌拉西林、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟耐药率＞60%;对磺胺甲噁唑／甲氧苄啶的耐药率较低,仅为12.50%,对万古霉素无耐药性。粪肠球菌对庆大霉素完全耐药,耐药率为100.00%;对头孢曲松、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、红霉素的耐药率＞60.00%;对头孢他啶的耐药性较低,耐药率仅为25.00%,对青霉素、万古霉素无耐药性。结论 永久性膀胱造瘘患者病原菌主要是大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌等革兰阴性菌,革兰阳性菌以表皮葡萄球菌为主,对于不同抗菌药物的耐药性差异较大。

目的 分析中枢神经系统孤立性纤维瘤(SFT)11例患者的临床特点、影像学及病理学表现、手术结果。方法 回顾性分析2013年—2021年于广州医科大学附属第二医院神经外科接受手术并经病理检查证实为中枢神经系统SFT的11例患者的临床资料。结果 11例患者主要症状为头晕、头痛或肢体乏力。MRI:病灶主要表现为T1WI等-低信号,T2WI混杂信号或等-稍高信号。病理组织学:镜下表现为疏密不一的梭形肿瘤细胞呈交替排列。免疫组化:肿瘤细胞主要表现为STAT6阳性、CD34阳性等特点。病灶全切除患者预后较好,病灶次全切除或既往有SFT复发病史患者容易再次复发。结论 中枢神经系统SFT患者MRI T2WI信号有助于诊断,但是最终诊断依靠病理学检查。手术切除是首选的治疗方式。

Objective To analyze the clinical features,radiological and pathological manifestations and surgical results of 11 patients with solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) of the central nervous system (CNS). Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with SFT of CNS confirmed by pathological examination in the Neurosurgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from 2013 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main symptoms of 11 patients were dizziness,headache or extremity weakness. MRI: the lesions mainly showed iso-low signal on T1WI,mixed signal or iso-slightly high signal on T2WI. Histopathological features: microscopically,there were alternating rows of spindle tumor cells with irregular density. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were STAT6 positive,CD34 positive,etc. Patients with total resection of the lesion had a better prognosis. Patients with subtotal resection of the lesion or previous history of SFT relapse were prone to relapse. Conclusions MRI T2WI signals in patients with CNS SFT were helpful for diagnosis,but the final diagnosis depended on pathology. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment.