目的 探讨绝经后2型糖尿病人群性激素水平与体质指数（BMI）的关系。方法 收集2022年1月—2023年1月在我院住院的2型糖尿病患者,随机选取自然绝经后女性184例,根据其BMI分组,其中肥胖组23例、超重组74例、BMI正常组87例,比较3组间临床资料及性激素差异。结果 3组间腰围、空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血尿酸、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、雌激素（E₂）比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）,肥胖组和超重组的E₂高于正常组,FSH及LH低于正常组。3组间年龄、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、催乳素、睾酮、孕酮比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,过高的腰围和较低的FSH、LH是绝经后2型糖尿病女性肥胖的影响因素。结论 2型糖尿病绝经后女性应控制腹型肥胖,定期复查LH、FSH,提早干预。

Objective To investigate the relationship between sex hormone levels and body mass index（BMI）in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）．Methods A total of 184 cases of natural postmenopausal women with T2DM admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were randomly selected,including 23 cases of obesity,74 cases of over weight and 87 cases of normal BMI．The clinical data and sex hormones among the three groups were analyzed．Results Waist circumference,fasting plasma glucose（FPG）,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,uric acid,follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH）,luteinizing hormone（LH）and oestrogen（E₂）levels were significantly different among the three groups（P<0.05）．E₂ levels of the obesity group and the over weight group were significantly higher than that of the normal group,while FSH and LH levels were significantly lower than that of the normal group．There was no significant difference in age,hemoglobin A1c,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,prolactin,testosterone and progesterone levels among the three groups（P>0.05）．Logistic regression analysis showed that higher waist circumference and lower FSH and LH levels were significantly correlated with obesity in postmenopausal women with T2DM．Conclusions Abdominal obesity should be controlled in postmenopausal women with T2DM,and LH and FSH should be periodically reviewed,in order to treat in advance．

目的 研究探讨体质指数和体脂百分比与老年类风湿关节炎患者发生肌少症的相关性。方法 纳入2018 年1月— 2020 年 6 月我院治疗的230例RA患者以及110例正常体检人员,分别设为研究组与对照组。采用双能X线骨密度仪测定骨骼肌肉量,四肢骨骼肌总量,体脂百分比(PBF),计算骨骼肌质量指数(SMI),体质指数(BMI);根据SMI水平将RA患者分为有、无肌少症组,比较两间组指标差异,采用Logistics回归分析探讨RA患者合并肌少症的独立影响因素。结果 ①RA组患者肌少症发生率高于对照组(49.1％ vs 18.2％,χ²=29.927,P＜0.001)。RA组患者消瘦百分比高于对照组(20.9％ vs 8％,χ²=5.375,P=0.020), RA组与正常对照组间BMI分组构成比比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.157,P=0.043)。②RA组BMI、骨骼肌量及四肢骨骼肌量均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),体脂百分比高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。③RA消瘦组肌少症发生率高于正常组(χ²=10.716,P＜0.001)、超重组(χ²=28.073,P＜0.001)和肥胖组(χ²=11.601,P＜0.001);RA消瘦组、正常组、超重组、肥胖组间肌少症发生率差异有统计学意义(χ²=32.522,P＜0.001)。PBF分组肌少症发生率正常组高于超重组,差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.609,P=0.016)。④RA肌少症组BMI消瘦百分比高于无肌少症组(22.1％ vs 3.4％,χ²=40.593,P＜0.001),BMI正常百分比高于无肌少症组(60.1％vs 51.3％,χ²=1.843,P=0.175);BMI超重百分比低于无肌少症组(15.0％ vs 39.3％,χ²=33.895,P＜0.001), BMI肥胖百分比低于无肌少症组(2.6％ vs 6.0％,χ²=1.531,P=0.216)。两组间PBF构成比比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.609,P=0.106)。⑤RA消瘦组患者肌少症的发生风险高于正常组(OR=7.197,95％CI:3.103～23.614,P＜0.001),超重RA患者肌少症的发生风险低于正常组(OR=0.095,95％CI:0.036～0.268,P=0.026),年龄为RA患者发生肌少症的危险因素(OR=1.096,95％CI:1.015～1.390,P＜0.001)。结论 肌少症在老年RA患者中发病率高,与体质指数具有一定相关性。