目的 研究多排螺旋CT低剂量扫描在浸润型肺结核化疗期间复查的应用价值。方法 选取100例浸润型肺结核化疗期病人为研究对象,对选取100例患者行常规剂量胸部CT扫描后再行低剂量扫描。比较常规剂量组和低剂量组CT扫描的图像质量及疗效评估。结果 两组扫描肺窗图像质量比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05);两组肺窗薄层多平面重建图像质量比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05); 两组软组织窗图像质量有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。观察组ED、DLP和CTDIvol等指标低于对照组(P＜0. 01),即观察组受检者CT扫描辐射剂量低于对照组(P＜0.01)。结论 多排螺旋CT低剂量胸部扫描用于浸润型肺结核的复查,可以获得与常规剂量接近的肺窗图像质量,满足肺结核病灶的分析评估,并可有效减少胸部CT扫描中的辐射剂量;既能满足肺结核复查的疗效评估,又提高了肺结核CT复查的安全性,还有效节约检查成本。

Objective To study the application of low-dose scan of multidetector row CT(MDCT)in the chemotherapy of infiltrative tuberculosis. Methods 100 patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis who were under treatment were selected. All patients accepted conventional-dose and low-dose scan of MDCT. The image quality and treatment effect of two groups were compared. Results The image quality on lung window of two groups did not differ significantly(P＞0.05). The image quality on lung window with multiplanar reconstruction of two groups also did not differ significantly(P＞0.05). The image quality on soft-tissue window differed significantly (P<0.05). The ED, DLP and CTDIvol of the low-dose group were significantly lower than those of the conventional-dose group. Conclusion For MDCT follow-up examination of patients with infiltrative tuberculosis, the image quality on lung window with low dose is similar to the image quality with conventional dose. It may effectively reduce the exposure dose of CT examination. This cost-effective modality not may can meet the curative effect evaluation of TB, but also can improve the security of the follow-up examination of patients.

目的 探讨年轻恶性肿瘤化疗女性的发病情况及保留生育功能和卵巢功能的意义。方法 回顾性分析和总结在我院行化疗的17～40岁年轻恶性肿瘤女性患者的年龄、肿瘤类别、构成等临床资料。结果 5年间在我院化疗的1261例女性恶性肿瘤患者中,年龄15～40岁者共786例(占62.3％),其中乳腺癌355例、大肠癌89例、白血病80例、宫颈癌67例、卵巢癌46例、恶性淋巴瘤39例,胃癌38例,肺癌30例,肝癌18例。15～25岁年龄段的女性恶性肿瘤化疗以白血病和卵巢癌为主。随年龄增长,大部分女性恶性肿瘤化疗的发生率增高。结论 15～40岁年轻恶性肿瘤化疗女性中乳腺癌占首位,其次为大肠癌、白血病和宫颈癌。保留年轻患者卵巢功能和生育功能的保守治疗具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of malignant tumor in young women receiving chemotherapy aged from 15 to 40 and investigate the role of conservative treatment. Methods The clinical data of female aged from15 to 40 years old who were received chemotherapy in our hospital between 2010 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 786 cases were identified from 1261 cases of malignant tumor receiving chemotherapy. Including 355 cases of breast cancer,89 cases of colorectal cancer,80 cases of leukemia,67 cases of cervical carcinoma,46 cases of ovarian cancer,39 cases of lymphoma,38 cases of gastric cancer,30 cases of lung cancer and 18 cases of liver cancer. Leukemia and ovarian cancer is the most common malignant tumor in young female between 15 to 25 years old. The cases of malignant tumor receiving chemotherapy increased with increasing age. Conclusion Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in young female receiving chemotherapy, followed by colorectal cancer, leukemia, and cervical carcinoma. It is very important to conserve young women's ovary function and fertility function.

目的 观察吉西他滨联合萘达铂治疗铂类敏感复发性卵巢癌的近期疗效与不良反应。方法 回顾性分析潍坊市人民医院2013年1月—2014年6月治疗的60例复发性卵巢癌病例,分为吉西他滨联合萘达铂(GN)方案化疗组30例和吉西他滨联合卡铂(GC)方案化疗组30例。GN方案组,吉西他滨1.0 g/m²,d1、8;萘达铂80 mg/m²,d1,21d为1周期;GC方案组,吉西他滨1.0 g/m²,d1、8;卡铂按AUC=5计算,d1,21 d为1周期。结果 GN方案组近期有效率56.0%,GC方案组近期有效率60.0%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ² =0.069,P=0.793)。两组最常见的毒性反应均是骨髓抑制,GC组骨髓抑制发生率较GN组骨髓抑制发生率稍高,但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 两种方案治疗铂类敏感型复发性卵巢癌疗效无统计学差异,GN方案组不良反应较轻。

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of GN chemotherapy protocol and GC chemotherapy protocol treatment of recurrent ovarian cancers. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 60 patients with recurrent ovarian cancers in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2014. Divided into gemcitabine and nedaplatin (GN)chemotherapy group and Gemcitabine and carboplatin(GC)chemotherapy group, 30 patients in each group.Patients in GP protocol group were given Gemcitabine 1.0 g/m²,d1,8;and naphthalene(80 mg/m²,d1),21d was a period of treatment; Patients in GC protocol group were given gemcitabine 1.0 g/m²,d1,8;and carboplatin AUC=5 by calculation,21d was a period of treatment. Results For patients in GN protocol group,the short term response rate was 56.0%.For patients in GC protocol group,the short term response rate was 60.0%,the difference was not statistically significant(χ²=0.069,P=0.793). Two of the most common toxicities were myelosuppression, incidence of myelosuppression GC was slightly higher than GN, and the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion The therapeutic effects of two chemotherapy protocols have no statistically significant difference in treatment of platinum sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Toxicity of GN group is light.

目的 探讨ε-3多不饱和脂肪酸在胃肠道肿瘤患者化疗后的胃肠道毒性及生活质量的作用。方法 在研究前经过化疗筛选,按照WHO化疗副反应在2级或者以上的50名住院的胃癌或者直结肠癌患者,随机分为对照组(单纯化疗)(n=25)和研究组(化疗加ε-3多不饱和脂肪酸)(n=25),两组的化疗方案均为化疗筛选的方案。预防性每天静脉使用ε-3多不饱和脂肪酸 200 mg,连续5天,记录评估胃肠道并发症,如恶心、呕吐和腹泻,以及KPS评分、血清白蛋白、IL-2、IFN-γ和CRP。结果 与对照组比较,恶心、呕吐和腹泻评分、IL-2、IFN-γ和CRP低于于对照组,相反,生活质量评分研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 预防性使用ε-3多不饱和脂肪酸能够减轻胃肠道肿瘤患者化疗后的胃肠道毒性症状、降低全身炎症因子反应并改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect omega-3polyunsaturated fatty acid omega-3 FA on clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal toxicity and quality of life (QOL) induced by chemotherapy for patients with gastric or colorectal cancer. Methods After screening chemotherapy, Fifty patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, according to developing WHO side-effect grading system of grade 2 or higher were randomly divided into either control group (n=25) or omega-3 FAs group (n=25) during next cycle of chemotherapy. In the control group, the patients received the same chemotherapy regimens as screening cycle and in the omega-3 FA group, received chemotherapy and omega-3 FAs. Prophylactic intravenous 200 mL /d was given for 5 days. The gastrointestinal complications such as nausea,vomiting or diarrhoea and Karnofsky performance status(KPS ),IL-2,IFN-γandCRP,ect, were evaluated respectively. Results Compared with the control group, the scores of nausea vomiting and diarrhea and IL-2,IFN-γor CRP levels decreased , significantly,on the contrary, the score of QOL increased. There was significantly statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion Prophylactic intravenous omega-3 FA can ameliorate clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal toxicity and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) induced by chemotherapy and improve QOL for patients with gastric or colorectal cancer.

目的 研究PF诱导化疗联合调强放疗及二维放疗对鼻咽癌近远期疗效影响的回顾性分析。方法 回顾性分析2008年1月—2008年12月中山大学附属肿瘤医院收治的101例鼻咽癌患者治疗情况,按照治疗方案技术分为调强组(n=42)和二维组(n=59)。比较两组患者临床疗效,近期毒副反应及生存情况。结果 放疗结束时调强组患者总缓解率92.86%与二维组77.97%比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调强组Ⅲ-Ⅳ级胃肠道反应26.19%及黏膜炎14.29%发生率与二维组比较显著较少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者远期毒副反应及生存率比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论 PF诱导化疗联合调强放疗治疗鼻咽癌患者,近远期临床疗效好,毒副反应少。

Objective To study the effects of PF induced chemotherapy combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy and two-dimensional radiotherapy on the short and long term curative effects in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods The treatment condition of 101 cases of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were treated in the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to San Yat-sen University between January and December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatments, the cases were divided into the intensity modulated group and the two-dimensional group. The clinical curative effects, short-term toxic and side effects and survival status were compared between the two groups. Results At the end of radiotherapy, the total remission rate in the intensity modulated group was 92.86% while in the two-dimensional group was 77.97% (P<0.05). In the intensity modulated group, the incidence rates of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳgastrointestinal tract reactions (26.19%) and mucositis (14.29%) were significantly lower than those in the two-dimensional group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in long-term side effects and survival rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion PF induced chemotherapy combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy in the treatment of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma has good short and long-term curative effects and few toxic and side effects.

目的 探讨同步放化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效。方法 选取我院2014年收治的晚期NSCLC患者102例,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组以紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗方案(TP)化疗治疗,观察组加用三维适形放疗同步放化疗治疗,观察两组的临床疗效和不良反应。结果 观察组和对照组患者的总有效率分别为43.14%和21.57% (P<0.05),两组患者的总控制率分别为84.31%和66.67% (P<0.05)。两组患者Ⅲ～Ⅳ级胃肠道反应、白细胞减少、骨髓抑制的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组比对照组增加了放射性肺炎和放射性食管炎的发生 (P<0.05)。两组患者生活质量比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 同步放化疗治疗晚期NSCLC可以显著提高治疗的总有效率、肿瘤的控制率及生活质量,但也使不良反应增加,选择治疗方案时应根据个体情况综合考虑。

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods 102 cases of advanced NSCLC treated in our hospital in 2014 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. Patients in control group were treated by chemotherapy with Paclitaxel combined Cisplatin (TP), while those in observation group were treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy with three- dimensional conformal radiotherapy and TP. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Results The total effective rate of the observation group and the control group were 43.14% and 21.57% (P<0.05), respectively. The total control rate of the two groups were 84.31% and 66.67%(P<0.05). In two groups III ~ IV gastrointestinal tract reaction, leukopenia, bone marrow suppression occurrence had no statistical significance(P>0.05). Incidence of radiation pneumonitis and radiation esophagitis increased in observation group(P<0.05). The difference of quality of life between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment ofadvanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)can not only significantly improve the treatment, tumor control rate and quality of life, but also make adverse reaction increased. Treatment options should be chosen based on individual circumstances into account

目的 探讨注射用黄芪多糖对宫颈癌化疗患者骨髓抑制的影响。方法 选取2012年11月—2015年10月于我院接受治疗的宫颈癌患者110例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各55例,两组患者均接受紫杉醇联合顺铂同步放疗,而观察组患者在此基础上接受每日静脉滴注注射用黄芪多糖治疗,连续应用10天。对比分析两组患者的临床疗效以及治疗前后的血象。结果 经过治疗后,观察组的治疗总有效率为61.81%,明显高于对照组的38.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者经过放化疗后其白细胞、红细胞和血小板计数均有不同程度的降低,而与对照组相比,观察组患者下降不明显。结论 注射用黄芪多糖可以减轻宫颈癌放化疗所致的骨髓抑制,对骨髓具有一定的保护作用,在临床治疗宫颈癌的过程中值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of astragalus polysaccharides on protecting marrow suppression of cervical carcinoma after chemotherapy. Methods 110 cases of patients with cervical carcinoma treated in our hospital from November 2012 to October 2015 in our hospital were selected and divided into control group and observation group, each group contains 55 cases. Both groups of patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin, and the observation group additionally received intravenous injection of astragalus polysaccharides for 10 days, to compare the hemogram before and after treatments between two groups. Results After treatments, the total effective rate of the observation group was 61.81%, significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); The white blood cell, red blood cell and platelet count reduced in two goups after treatment. Compared with the control group, there was no significant decrease in the observation group. Conclusion Astragalus polysaccharides injection may reduce the marrow suppression induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer, and it has a protective effect on the bone marrow.

目的 探讨Bcl-2、COX-2在宫颈癌新辅助化疗前后表达的意义, 以及新辅助化疗(NACT)对宫颈癌的近期临床疗效。方法 对32例宫颈癌患者,采集NACT治疗前后的宫颈癌组织标本,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测组织中的Bcl-2及COX-2表达。结果 ①经NACT后,治疗总有效率(CR+PR)为75%,无效率(PD+SD)为25%。②宫颈癌组织中Bcl-2、COX-2的表达均出现明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);临床有效组中Bcl-2、COX-2的表达在NACT后出现显著下降(P<0.05),无效组中Bcl-2、COX-2的表达在NACT前后无明显统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Bcl-2、COX-2的表达情况对评价宫颈癌患者新辅助化疗效具有肯定的临床意义,宫颈癌行NACT后近期疗效良好。

Objective To investigate the expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 in cervical cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) for cervical cancer in the recent clinical effects. Methods To select 32 cases of patients with cervical cancer, collect the cervical cancer tissues before and after NACT, immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2and COX-2 in the tissues. Results After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, total effective rate (CR+PR) was 75%(24/32), inefficient rate(PD+SD) was 25%(8/32). The expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 of cervical cancer patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), before and after, had great differences. The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05); The expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 were significantly lower after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in clinical effective group(P<0.05), there is no statistical significance in clinical non-effective group(P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 of cervical cancer patients has certain clinical significance in evaluating the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Recent curative effect after NACT in the cervical cancer patients is good.

目的 观察改良INP方案对肺腺癌伴有脑转移患者的临床疗效及毒副作用,并探讨该方案疗效与Ⅲ型β微管蛋白(β-tubulin-Ⅲ)在肺癌组织中表达水平的关系。方法 收集2010年4月—2013年1月广州医科大学附属第一医院胸外科收治的15例肺腺癌伴有脑转移患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用改良INP方案治疗,使用RECIST 1.0标准进行判定。结果 脑转移瘤取得CR 1例(1/15),PR 5例(5/15),SD 4例(4/15),PD 5例 (5/10),该方案对脑转移瘤的总缓解率(overall response rate,ORR)为40%,疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)达66.7%,毒副作用轻度可控;Ⅲ型β微管蛋白低表达对该方案的疗效有优于高表达的趋势。结论 肺腺癌伴有脑转移患者采用改良INP方案进行化疗,脑转移瘤临床疾病控制率较高,耐受性良好;肿瘤组织β-tubulin-Ⅲ表达水平可能与该方案的疗效相关。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy of modified INP regimen in the treatment of adenocarcinoma with brain metastases. At the same time,to explore the relationship between expression of β-tubulin-Ⅲ in NSCLC biopsies and sensitivity to this modified INP regimen. Methods The clinical data of 15 adenocarcinoma with brain metastases patients who had been admitted to the first affiliated hospital of Guangzhou medical university from April 2010 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received modified INP regimen.RECIST 1.0 was taken to know the result. Results For brain metastasis of the 15 patients, complete response (CR) and partial response(PR) were 1 and 5 patients, respectively. 4 patients were stable disease (SD) and progression disease(PD) in 5 patients. The overall response rate(ORR) was 40% and the disease control rate(DCR) was 66.7%. The toxicity was mild. Furthermore, we found NSCLC patients with low β-tubulin-Ⅲexpression had better ORR than those with high expression. Conclusion The modified INP regimen is effective and well-tolerable for brain metastases of adenocarcinoma. The β-tubulin-Ⅲ expression may be associated with the efficacy of this regimen.

       目的   分析贝伐珠单抗与化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者4种错配修复蛋白（MSH2、MLHI、MSH6、PMS2）水平影响。方法   选择2022年1月—2024年1月江苏省宿迁市中医院肿瘤科102例晚期结直肠癌患者，按抽签法分成两组，即化疗组及联合组，各51例。化疗组应用FOLFOX（亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂+氟尿嘧啶）方案进行化疗，联合组采取贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFOX方案治疗。对比其肿瘤控制效果、免疫功能及MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2水平变化，并对比组间不良反应发生率。结果   联合组客观缓解率、疾病控制率高于化疗组（P＜0.05）；治疗后联合组患者CD4⁺ 、CD3⁺ 、CD8⁺ 、和CD4⁺ /CD8⁺数值高于化疗组，且两组治疗后均低于治疗前（P＜0.05）；治疗后两组患者MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2缺失率对比无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但其阳性、阴性表达情况对比差异有统计学意义，联合组MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2阳性率低于化疗组（P＜0.05）；两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论   对晚期结直肠癌在化疗基础上增加贝伐珠单抗抗肿瘤效果显著，改善其免疫功能，虽无法改善患者错配修复蛋白缺损，但可辅助降低其阳性率，且不影响安全性。

       Objective  To analyze the effects of bevacizumab and chemotherapy on the levels of four mismatch  repair proteins（MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，PMS2）in patients with advanced colorectal cancer．Methods  A total of 102 patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the Oncology Department of Suqian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in  Jiangsu Province from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected，and were divided into two groups according to the drawing method，namely the chemotherapy group and the combination group，with 51 patients in each group．The chemotherapy group received FOLFOX（calcium folinate+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil）regimen for chemotherapy，while the combination group received bevacizumab combined with FOLFOX regimen for treatment．Tumor control effect，immune function，and changes in MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，and PMS2 levels，and its incidence of adverse reactions were compared．Results  The objective remission rate and disease control rate of the combined group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group（P＜0.05）．After treatment，the CD4⁺ ，CD3⁺ ，CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ /CD8⁺ values in the combination group were higher than those in the chemotherapy group，and those after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups（P＜0.05）．After treatment，there were no significant differences in the deletion  rates of MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，and PMS2 between the two groups of patients（P＞0.05），but there was a significant difference in their positive and negative expression．The positive rates of MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，and PMS2 in the combination group were lower than those in the chemotherapy group（P＜0.05）．There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse  reactions between the two groups（P＞0.05）．Conclusions  Adding bevacizumab on the basis of chemotherapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on advanced colorectal cancer，improving its immune function．Although it cannot improve the mismatch  repair protein defect in patients，it can assist in reducing its positivity rate and has high safety．