目的 调查住院老年患者因经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）而引发的血栓情况，并分析其影响因素，为老年患者置入PICC产生的相关性血栓（PICC-CRT）和症状性血栓的评估与干预提供借鉴。方法 在2023年1月—2023年12月期间，选取广州市第一人民医院接受PICC置管的317例住院老年患者。采用包括患者一般情况调查表、运动功能评定、肌力检测、 Barthel指数评定、Padua评分等多种工具进行综合评估。采用多因素 Logistic 回归构建 PICC-CRT 及症状性血栓的预测模型，并应用逐步回归法优化变量筛选过程。模型性能通过 ROC 曲线进行评估。结果 去除临床资料不完整的患者40例，最终纳入277例患者的完整资料，其中123例患者出现了PICC-CRT，发生率为44.40%（123/277）。血栓分级中，I级78例，Ⅱ级37例，Ⅲ级8例。无症状血栓83例，占67.48%，发生率29.96%（83/277）；症状性血栓40例，占32.52 %，发生率14.44%（40/277）。单因素分析联合多因素Logistic回归显示，卒中史、凝血酶原时间（PT）、导管留置时间是住院老年患者PICC-CRT的关键因素（P＜0.05），预测模型ROC曲线下面积为0.719；置管史、恶性肿瘤史、导管留置时间、置管后并发症数量是住院老年患者PICC症状性血栓的独立影响因素（P＜0.05），预测模型ROC曲线下面积为0.812。结论 文章总结了PICC-CRT和症状性血栓独特的影响因素，基于关键因素构建了预测模型预测其发生，为护理人员预防PICC-CRT和症状性血栓的发生提供了参考。

   Objective To explore the incidence of thrombosis associated with peripherally inserted central catheter（PICC）placement in hospitalized elderly patients and to analyze its influencing factors，in order to provide a reference for the assessment and prevention of PICC-catheter related thrombosis（PICC-CRT）and symptomatic thrombosis in this population．Methods A total of 317 elderly inpatients who underwent PICC placement at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou between January and December 2023 were enrolled．Comprehensive assessments were conducted using general patient information forms，motor function evaluation，muscle strength testing，Barthel Index，and Padua score．Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to construct predictive models for PICC-CRT and symptomatic thrombosis，with variable selection optimized via stepwise regression．Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve analysis．Results After excluding 40 patients with incomplete clinical data，277 cases were included in the final analysis．Among them，123 patients developed PICC-CRT，with an incidence rate of 44.40%（123/277）．Thrombosis was graded as Grade I in 78 cases，Grade II in 37 cases，and Grade III in 8 cases．Asymptomatic thrombosis occurred in 83 cases（29.96%），accounting for 67.48% of PICC-CRT；symptomatic thrombosis occurred in 40 cases（14.44%），accounting for 32.52%．Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses identified history of stroke，prothrombin time（PT），and catheter dwell time as key risk factors for PICC-CRT（P＜0.05），with the area under the curve（AUC）of 0.719．History of catheterization，malignancy，catheter dwell time，and number of post-catheterization complications were independent predictors of symptomatic thrombosis（P＜0.05），with an AUC of 0.812．Conclusions This study identified distinct risk factors for PICC-CRT and symptomatic thrombosis in elderly inpatients．Predictive models based on key variables may provide useful references for clinical staff in preventing the occurrence of PICC-related and symptomatic thrombosis．

       目的 调查重型β地中海贫血患儿照顾者的负担现状，并分析其影响因素，为医护人员制定干预方案提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法，于2024年1月—12月选取华南地区5家医院就诊的重型β地中海贫血患儿的主要照顾者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、Zarit照顾者负担量表、中文简化版家庭弹性量表和社会支持评定量表进行调查，并采用单因素分析、相关性分析及多重线性回归探究其影响因素。结果 共发放问卷242份，回收232份，回收率为95.87%。重型β地中海贫血患儿主要照顾者照顾负担的总体平均得分为（36.67±18.63）分。多重线性回归分析结果显示，患儿输血频率、输血相关性皮肤过敏和社会支持是患儿照顾负担的影响因素（P＜0.001），可解释总变异的23.9%。结论 重型β地中海贫血患儿照顾者负担程度以中重度为主。患儿曾出现输血不良反应、输血频率更高，其照顾者负担更重；而主要照顾者具有良好的社会支持水平有助于降低其照顾者负担。医护人员应针对以上因素制定干预方案，以减轻重型β地中海贫血患儿照顾者负担水平。

      Objective To investigate the current burden in caregivers of children with β thalassemia major and analyze its influencing factors，so as to provide a basis for medical staff to formulate intervention plans．Methods By using the convenience sampling method，primary caregivers of children with β thalassemia major from five hospitals in South China from January to December 2024 were selected as the survey subjects．The general information questionnaire，Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale，Simplified Chinese Family Resilience Scale and Social Support Rating Scale were used for the survey．And univariate analysis，correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were adopted to explore its influencing factors．Results A total of 242 questionnaires were distributed and 232 were retrieved，with a recovery rate of 95.87%．The overall average score of care burden for primary caregivers of children with β thalassemia major was（36.67±18.63）．The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the frequency of blood transfusion in children，transfusion-related skin allergy and social support were the influencing factors of the care burden（P＜0.001），which could explain 23.9% of the total variation．Conclusions The burden level in caregivers of children with β thalassemia major is mainly moderate to severe．The children with adverse reactions to blood transfusion and higher frequency of blood transfusion impose a heavier burden on its caregivers．The primary caregivers who have good social support can help reduce the burden．Medical staff should formulate intervention plans based on the above factors to reduce the burden level of caregivers of children with β thalassemia major．

      目的 探讨广州市公职人员中眼睑黄色瘤（XP）患病情况与生化检验指标异常的相关性。方法 从2018年来广州市干部和人才健康管理中心体检的公职人员中选取1 090例，其中筛选患XP人员545例，作为病例组，依性别、年龄分层随机抽取的未患XP的人员作为对照组，测定空腹血糖、血脂、甲状腺功能等生化指标，采用回顾性病例对照研究的方式，比较两组相关指标水平。P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 XP的患病率为0.94%（男性为0.89%，女性为1.01%）。男性和女性的XP患病率比较差异无统计学意义（χ²=2.142，P=0.143）。两组间体质量、舒张压、血脂等多项指标上的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。高体质量（OR=1.021，95%CI：1.004~1.038，P=0.017）、高舒张压（OR=1.019，95%CI：1.004~1.035，P=0.011）、低高密度脂蛋白（OR=6.127，95%CI：2.568~14.619，P＜0.001）、高低密度脂蛋白（OR=2.084，95%CI：1.456~2.981，P＜0.001）是患病的危险因素。结论 广州市公职人员中XP的患病率男性和女性接近；高体质量、高舒张压、高密度脂蛋白水平降低、低密度脂蛋白水平升高是患XP的危险因素。

   Objective To investigate the correlation between xanthelasma palpebrarum（XP）and abnormal biochemical indices in healthy individuals in Guangzhou，China．Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted，selecting 1 090 individuals from a total of 58 053 who underwent health examinations at the Guangzhou Cadre and Talent Health Management Centre in 2018．The case group consisted of 545 individuals diagnosed with XP，while the control group included age- and sex-matched individuals without XP，randomly selected from the same database．Biochemical indices analyzed included fasting blood glucose，blood lipids，liver and kidney function，thyroid indicators，body weight，and blood pressure．Statistical significance was set at P＜0.05．Results The prevalence of XP was 0.94%（0.89% in men and 1.01% in women）．No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of XP between men and women（χ²=2.142，P=0.143）．Similarly，no significant differences were observed in thyroid-stimulating hormone（P=0.937），free triiodothyronine（P=0.216），free thyroxin（P=0.206），or fasting blood glucose levels（P=0.668）between the case and control groups．However，significant differences were noted in body weight，diastolic blood pressure，blood lipid levels，and liver and renal biochemical indicators between the two groups（P＜0.05）．Specifically，higher body weight（OR=1.021，95%CI：1.004–1.038，P=0.017），higher diastolic blood pressure（OR=1.019，95%CI：1.004–1.035，P=0.011），lower high-density lipoprotein（OR=6.127，95%CI：2.568–14.619，P＜0.001），and higher low-density lipoprotein（OR=2.084，95%CI：1.456–2.981，P＜0.001）were identified as risk factors for XP．Conclusions The prevalence of XP did not differ between males and females．However，high body weight，high diastolic blood pressure，low high-density lipoprotein，and high low-density lipoprotein are risk factors for XP．

       目的 调查老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱现况,并分析影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法, 2024年11月—2025年3月, 选取于广州市某三甲医院骨科住院的207例老年脆性骨折患者, 使用一般资料调查表、简易衰弱评估量表、简版流调中心抑郁量表、广泛性焦虑量表和营养风险筛查量表2002开展问卷调查。采用有序分类Logistic回归, 分析老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱的影响因素。结果 207例老年脆性骨折患者的术前衰弱前期占48.3%, 衰弱发生率为23.2%。有序分类Logistic 回归分析结果显示年龄（OR=1.131）、睡眠差（OR=2.557）、合并3种及以上慢性病（OR=3.990）、抑郁（OR=3.296）、营养不良风险（OR=4.005）为老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱的危险因素,BMI正常（OR=0.206）是保护因素（均P<0.05）。结论 老年脆性骨折患者年龄, 睡眠情况, 多种共病,抑郁, 存在营养不良风险及BMI影响其术前衰弱水平, 重视衰弱的筛查及早期干预, 提升患者治疗效果和生活质量。

       Objective To explore the preoperative frailty status and influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures．Methods Using convenience sampling, 207 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures admitted to the orthopedic department of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from November 2024 to March 2025 were selected．Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Frail Scale, the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale（CES-D-10）, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale（GAD-7）, and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002（NRS-2002）．Logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing preoperative frailty．Results Among 207 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures, the incidence of early stages of frailty was 48.3%, and the incidence of frailty was 23.2%．Logistic regression analysis revealed the following risk factors for preoperative frailty：age（OR=1.131）, poor sleep quality（OR=2.557）, multiple chronic comorbidities（OR=3.990）, depression（OR=3.296）, nutritional risk（OR=4.005）．Normal body mass index（OR=0.206）was a protective factor．Conclusions Advanced age,poor sleep quality, multiple chronic comorbidities, depression, nutritional risk and body mass index are associated with frailty in elderly osteoporotic fracture patients．Health care providers should pay attention to frailty screening and early intervention, which can reverse or delay the progression of frailty and improve the treatment effect and quality of life of patients．

       目的   系统评价护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及影响因素，为针对性干预提供参考。方法   检索国内外相关数据库，检索时限为2024年7月护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及影响因素的相关文献。由两名分析人员独立筛选文献、提取资料、质量评价后采用Stata 15.0和RevMan 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果   纳入16篇文献，包括4 961例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示，护士的护理伦理敏感性处于中等偏高水平，总分为［OR=67.29，95%CI（53.24，81.34）］分。年龄［OR=2.78，95%CI（1.45，5.33），P=0.002］、工作年限［OR=3.55，95%CI（1.35，9.33），P=0.001］、伦理知识教育［OR=14.60，95%CI（4.24，50.32），P＜0.001］、共情能力［OR=1.35，95%CI（1.01，1.80），P＜0.001］、工作场所氛围［OR=1.85，95%CI（0.42，4.51），P＜0.001］、工作嵌入量［OR=3.60，95%CI（0.40，32.84），P=0.001］是护士护理伦理敏感性的主要影响因素。结论   当前证据表明，护士的护理伦理敏感性处于中等偏高水平，影响因素较多，管理者需结合人群特征实施干预，以提高护士护理伦理敏感性水平。

   Objective  To systematically evaluate the current status of nurses’  ethical  sensitivity in  nursing  and influencing factors that influence it，in order to inform targeted interventions．Methods  Domestic and international databases were searched to collect literature related to the current status of nurses’ ethical sensitivity in nursing and the factors influencing it from the year of construction to July 2024．Meta-analysis was performed by two analysts independently screening the literature，extracting information，and quality evaluation using Stata 15.0 and RevMan 5.3 software．Results  Sixteen papers including 4 961 study subjects were included．Meta-analysis results showed that nurses had moderately high level of ethical sensitivity in nursing with a total score of 67.29（95%CI［53.24，81.34］）．Age（OR=2.78，95%CI［1.45，5.33］，P=0.002），years of experience（OR=3.55，95%CI［1.35，9.33］，P=0.001），education on ethical knowledge（OR=14.60，95%CI［4.24，50.32］，P＜0.001），and empathic ability（OR=1.35，95%CI［1.01，1.80］，P＜0.001），workplace atmosphere（OR=1.85，95%CI［0.42，4.51］，P＜0.001），and the amount of job embeddedness（OR=3.60，95%CI［0.40，32.84］，P=0.001） were the main influences on nurses’ ethical sensitivity in nursing．Conclusions  The previous evidence suggests that nurses have moderately high levels of nursing ethical sensitivity，with a high number of influencing factors，and managers need to give interventions that incorporate the characteristics of the population in order to increase the level of nursing ethical sensitivity among nurses．

       目的   调查老年人照护服务需求现状并分析其影响因素，为构建基于需求为导向的老年照护服务体系提供参考依据。方法  采用便利抽样法，选取广州市某三甲医院212名老年人作为调查对象，采用日常生活能力量表、Fried衰弱评估量表及自行编制的老年人需求评估问卷进行调查。结果   老年人对运动与营养（1.96±0.90分）、心理慰藉（2.63±0.85分）、安宁服务（2.73±1.07分）的需求水平较高。多因素线性回归分析结果显示养老方式、日常生活活动能力、爱好数量、性别、衰弱等级、有无主要照顾者是照护服务需求的影响因素（P均＜0.05），可解释61.5%的变异量。结论   老年人的照护服务需求受多种因素的影响。应根据老年人的不同特征，构建供需匹配的多元化，多层次照护体系。

       Objective  To investigate the status quo of care service needs of the elderly and analyze its influencing factors，so as to provide a reference for the construction of a needs-oriented care service system for the elderly．Methods  A total of 212 elderly people from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou were selected by convenience sampling method and investigated with the Activity of Daily Living scale，Fried frailty scale and the self-designed elderly needs assessment questionnaire．Results  Elderly patients had higher demands for exercise，nutrition，psychological comfort and hospice services．The results of multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of care service demand included pension style，activities of daily living，number of hobbies，gender，frailty level，and having main caregivers（all P＜0.05），which could explain 61.5% of the variation．Conclusions  The care needs of elderly patients are affected by many factors．A diversified and multi-level care system with matching supply and demand should be constructed according to the different characteristics of the elderly．

       目的   识别经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后恐动症患者抑郁、焦虑和压力的影响因素。方法   采用横断面研究，纳入780例行PCI术后恐动症患者。应用系列量表评估恐动症患者的不良心理健康状况、生活质量、自我感受负担、社会支持和运动自我效能，并通过问卷收集了患者的社会人口学数据。线性回归和Logistic回归用于识别抑郁、焦虑和压力等不良心理状态的影响因素，应用中介分析探索潜在的中介机制。结果  271例（34.7%）、304例（39.0%）和153例（19.6%）恐动症患者存在不同程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力。恐动症患者的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平呈正相关。线性回归和Logistic分析结果表明，较高的家庭月收入与较高的抑郁水平相关（线性回归：β为0.908和1.937；Logistic：OR为2.05和5.47），社会支持程度与抑郁水平呈负相关（线性回归：β=-0.079；Logistic：OR=0.93）。单身/离异/寡居患者的焦虑水平显著高于已婚患者（线性回归：β=1.613；Logistic：OR=2.28）。与家庭月收入低于5 000元者相比，家庭月收入为5 000~10 000元之间的患者的压力水平较高（线性回归：β=1.065；Logistic：OR=3.14）。此外，自我感受负担较重的患者具有更高的压力水平（线性回归：β=0.077；Logistic：OR=1.05）。中介分析结果表明，焦虑和压力是社会支持/自我感受负担与抑郁之间关联的潜在中介因子。结论  PCI术后恐动症患者广泛存在心理健康问题，其家庭月收入、年龄、婚姻状况、生活方式和病史等因素对患者的不良心理健康状态具有显著影响。医务人员应关注这些患者的心理健康状况及影响因素，制定综合管理策略以改善其预后。

       Objective  To identify the risk factors associated with depression，anxiety  and  stress in  patients with kinesiophobia after percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）．Methods  In this cross-sectional study，780 patients who developed kinesiophobia after undergoing PCI were enrolled．A series of scales were used to assess the psychological health status，quality of life，self-perceived burden，social support，and exercise self-efficacy of patients with kinesiophobia，and socio-demographic data of the patients were collected through a questionnaire．Linear regression analyses and Logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors of adverse psychological outcomes，including depression，anxiety，and stress．Furthermore，mediation analysis was employed to explore the potential mediating mechanisms．Results  Among the 780 patients with kinesiophobia，271（34.7%），304（39.0%）and 153（19.6%）were found to have varying degrees of depression，anxiety，and stress，respectively．The levels of depression，anxiety and stress in patients with kinesiophobia were positively correlated with each other．The results of both linear regression and Logistic regression analyses indicated that higher levels of family monthly income were associated with higher levels of depression（linear：β=0.908 and 1.937；Logistic：OR=2.05 and 5.47），while the degree of social support was negatively correlated with depression levels（linear：β=-0.079；Logistic：OR=0.93）．For patients who were single，divorced or widowed，their levels of anxiety were significantly higher than those of married patients（linear：β=1.613；Logistic：OR=2.28）．Compared to patients with a monthly household income of less than 5 000 yuan，those with a monthly income between 5 000 and 10 000 yuan reported higher levels of stress（linear：β=1.065；Logistic：OR=3.14）．Additionally，patients who perceived a higher personal burden also experienced greater stress（linear：β=0.077；Logistic：OR=1.05）．Mediation analysis indicated that anxiety and stress were potential mediating factors in the relationship between social support/self-perceived burden and depression．Conclusions  This study  reported the widespread psychological health issues among patients with kinesiophobia after PCI and the interactions between these issues．Factors such as monthly household income，age，marital status，lifestyle and medical  history were found to  be significantly associated with these negative psychological outcomes．Clinicians and nurses should focus on the psychological health and influencing factors of these patients and develop comprehensive management strategies to improve their prognosis．

      目的   探讨肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化现状及其影响因素，为临床制定改善患者心理僵化的针对性干预措施以及提升患者生活质量提供参考依据。方法   采用便利抽样法，选取2023年10月—12月期间焦作市某三级甲等医院收治的肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、疼痛心理僵化量表（PIPS）、简易疾病感知问卷（BIPQ）、家庭功能问卷（APGAR）进行调查，采用Pearson相关性分析肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化与疾病感知、家庭功能的关系。采用多元线性回归分析肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化的影响因素。结果   本次研究共发放问卷152份，回收有效问卷150份，有效回收率为98.68%。150例肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化量表总分为（61.66±2.85）分，回避型经验维度得分为（45.52±1.97）分，认知融合维度得分为（19.74±1.59）分。不同文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疼痛程度的肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化得分比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示：肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化总分、经验性回避维度得分、认知融合维度得分与疾病感知得分均呈正相关关系（P＜0.001），与家庭功能得分均呈负相关关系（P＜0.001）。多元线性回归结果显示：文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疾病感知、家庭功能是肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化的影响因素（P＜0.05），可解释肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化43.9%的变异度。结论   肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化处于较高水平，且受到文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疾病感知和家庭功能的影响，临床医护人员可从疾病感知、家庭支持等角度出发，采用认知干预、同伴支持等方法，加强对患者的健康教育，以缓解其对疾病的负性认知，从而缓解心理僵化，促进身心健康恢复。

       Objective  To explore the status and influencing factors of psychological  rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain，and to provide reference for clinical development of targeted interventions to improve patients’psychological rigidity andquality of life．Methods  The convenience sampling method was used to select patients with lung cancer and cancer pain who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Jiaozuo City from October to December 2023 as the research object．The general data questionnaire，Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale（PIPS），Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire（BIPQ），and family function questionnaire（APGAR）were used to investigate．Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between psychological rigidity and disease perception and family function in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain．Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of psychological rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain．Results  A total of 152 questionnaires were distributed in this study，and 150 valid questionnaires were recovered，with an effective recovery rate of 98.68 %．The total score of PIPS of 150 patients with lung cancer and cancer pain was（61.66±2.85），the score of avoidance experience dimension was（45.52±1.97），and the score of cognitive fusion dimension was（19.74±1.59）．There were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological rigidity among lung cancer patients with cancer pain with different educational levels，family per capita monthly income，and pain degree（P＜0.05）．The  results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of PIPS，the score of empirical avoidance dimension and the score of cognitive fusion dimension were positively correlated with the score of disease perception（P＜0.001），and negatively correlated with the score of family function（P＜0.001）．The results of multiple linear regression showed that education level，family per capita monthly income，disease perception and family function were the influencing factors of psychological rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain（P＜0.05 ），which could explain 43.9 % of the variation of psychological rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain．Conclusions  The psychological rigidity of lung cancer patients with cancer pain is at a high level，and is affected by education level，family per capita monthly income，disease perception and family function．Clinical medical staff can use cognitive intervention and peer support from the perspective of disease perception and family support to strengthen the health education of patients，so as to alleviate their negative cognition of the disease，to alleviate the psychological rigidity and promote the recovery of physical and mental health．

       目的   探讨营养评估及炎症因子水平对非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）患者化学治疗（化疗）后感染及平均住院日的影响。方法   回顾性分析接受R-CHOP治疗的NHL患者95例。通过受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线确定患者主观整体营养评估（PG-SGA）预测患者化疗后感染的界值。将患者分为PG-SGA＜4组与PG-SGA≥4组，比较两组间营养及炎症相关指标的差异。采用单因素与多因素回归分析NHL患者化疗后感染及平均住院日延长的危险因素。结果  ROC曲线显示PG-SGA为3.5时，约登指数最大，预测NHL患者化疗后感染灵敏度为92%，特异度为11.1%。PG-SGA≥4组患者平均年龄、国际预后指数（IPI）及Ann arbor Ⅲ~Ⅳ期比例均高于PG-SGA＜4组（P＜0.05）。与PG-SGA＜4组相比，PG-SGA≥4组患者白介素6（IL-6）及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）明显升高，且化疗后感染率及平均住院日≥5 d比例高于对照组（P＜0.05）；与对照组相比，PG-SGA＜4组患者前白蛋白、白蛋白和血红蛋白水平升高（P均＜0.05）。多因素回归分析显示，PG-SGA≥4及合并糖尿病是NHL患者化疗后感染率的独立危险因素（P均＜0.05）。白蛋白低于35 g/L及合并化疗后感染是NHL患者平均住院日延长的独立危险因素（P均＜0.05）。结论   基于PG-SGA的营养评估及炎症因子分析对NHL患者化疗后感染及平均住院日的预测具有临床指导意义。

       Objective  To explore the effects of nutritional assessment and inflammatory factor levels on post-chemotherapy infections and length of hospital stay in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma（NHL）．Methods  A total of 95 NHL patients treated with the R-CHOP regimen were retrospectively analyzed．The  cut-off  value  of  Patient-Generated  Subjective Global Assessment （PG-SGA） for post-chemotherapy infection in NHL patients was evaluated by Receiver Operating Characteristic（ROC）curves．Patients were categorized into PG-SGA＜4 and PG-SGA≥4 groups and compared for differences of nutritional and inflammation-related factors．Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors for post-chemotherapy infection and length of hospital stay（LHS）．Results  The ROC curve showed that the Youden index was largest at PG-SGA of 3.5，which predicted post-chemotherapy infection in NHL patients with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 11.1%．The mean age，International Prognostic Index（IPI），and Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ~IV proportion in patients with PG-SGA≥4 were higher compared with the control（P＜0.05）．Patients with PG-SGA≥4 had significantly higher interleukin-6 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio（NLR），and the infection rate and the proportion of LHS≥5 days after chemotherapy were higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05）．Patients in the PG-SGA＜4 group had significantly higher prealbumin，albumin，and hemoglobin levels compared to the PG-SGA≥4 group（P＜0.05）．Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that PG-SGA≥4 and combined diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for post-chemotherapy infection rate in NHL patients（both P＜0.05）．Albumin less than 35 g/L and combined post-chemotherapy infection were independent risk factors for prolonged LHS in NHL patients（both P＜0.05）．Conclusions  PG-SGA nutritional assessment and inflammatory factor analysis are clinically instructive in predicting post-chemotherapy infections and LHS in NHL patients．

目的 了解脑出血患者家属参与治疗共享决策满意度现状及其影响因素,为提升脑出血患者的护理质量和家属体验提供参考。方法 采用横断面研究设计,便利抽取2022年1月—2023年7月许昌中医院收治的脑出血患者及其家属进行问卷调查。结果 共回收问卷178份,全部纳入分析。患者家属参与医疗决策的满意度得分为（48.58±6.34）分,其中维度得分最低的为交流协商。多因素分析结果显示,家属教育程度、家属年龄、家庭总年收入以及患者家属对医疗决策知情程度为患者家属参与医疗决策满意度的影响因素（F=30.872,P<0.001）,解释40.3%的变异。结论 脑出血患者家属参与治疗共享决策满意度处于中等水平,患者家属对医疗决策知情程度越高、家属教育程度越高、家属年龄较大以及家庭总年收入越高的脑出血患者家属参与治疗共享决策满意度越高。