Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the rehabilitation guidance protocol of spinal surgery in perioperative period．Methods A total of 184 patients undergoing selective surgery in the spine surgery department of the Third People's Hospital of Bijie City were selected．The conventional rehabilitation group was the control group,which preoperative and postoperative management was continued with the original rehabilitation program of spine surgery;the rehabilitation guidance group was the observation group：the new rehabilitation behavior code program was used to provide systematic preoperative pre-rehabilitation guidance and postoperative standardized management．The patients' activities of getting up after surgery,days in hospital,economic use,pain recovery and satisfaction survey were compared．Results Before surgical treatment,the gender,age and disease distribution of patients were compared（P>0.05）．After surgical treatment,observation group：Postoperative time of getting out of bed（3.09±1.02）d,length of hospitalization（10.73±3.96）d,hospitalization expenses（17 388±5 217）yuan,VAS score of 2 days after surgery（3.04±1.19）,VAS score of discharge（2.36±1.25）,inpatient satisfaction（89.80±8.12）,were significantly better than the control group：Postoperative activity time（4.44±1.58）d,length of hospitalization（13.38±2.73）d,hospitalization expenses（23 242±7 971）yuan,VAS score（4.01±1.44）,VAS score at discharge（3.39±1.38）,hospitalization satisfaction（80.27±11.45）．Compared with the control group,the new rehabilitation guidelines significantly reduced postoperative pain,bed time and hospital days in spinal surgery patients（P<0.05）．Conclusions Speeding up the postoperative rehabilitation of patients and improving the rate of postoperative recovery,improving patients' sense of access to medical treatment,can make the doctor-patient relationship more harmonious．