Objective To investigate the effect of Qianghuo Shengshi decoction on patients with wind-damp headache. Methods A total of 62 cases of patients with wind-damp headache who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected and divided into two groups randomly. The control group took 5 mg of flunarizine capsules once a night; the observation group took Qianghuo Shengshi decoction additionally. The effective rate, sleep quality score and visual analogue scale(VAS) score before and after treatment were compared between the two groups of patients. Results The effective rate of the observation group (96.77%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (80.64%, P<0.05). Before treatment, the VAS scores of the two groups of patients with exogenous wind-damp headache were not significantly different (P>0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores of the two groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the score drop of the observation group was significant (P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in night awakening, sleep time, sleep depth, early awakening, daytime mood, dream condition, complexion and daytime physical condition score between the two groups (P>0.05), after treatment, the scores of night awakening, sleep time, sleep depth, early awakening, daytime mood, dream condition, complexion and daytime physical condition in patients with wind-damp headache in both groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the scores of night awakening, sleep time, sleep depth, early awakening, daytime mood, dream condition, complexion and daytime physical condition in patients with wind-damp headache in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Qianghuo Shengshi decoction had a significant effect on patients with wind-damp headache, and its was related to its ability of significant pain reduction and sleep quality improvement.