Objective Objective to investigate the value of ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung biopsy in the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions in AIDS patients. Methods 52 cases in our hospital of percutaneous pulmonary biopsy cases, preoperative highly active antiretroviral therapy was used, basis of CD4⁺T lymphocytes count determined whether the operation were performed, standard operation mode in the operation. It must to take good protective measures. 27 cases underwent ultrasound guided puncture, 25 cases underwent CT guided puncture and had postoperative application of antibiotics to prevent opportunistic infections. Results The successful rate of puncture was 100% in all patients. Tuberculosis in the ultrasound group was 13 cases, fungal infection was 67 cases, bacterial infection was 4 cases, pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma was 2 cases, and Posey's sarcoma was 1 cases. There were 11 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in CT group, 7 cases in fungal infection, 5 cases in bacterial infection, and 1 cases in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung. Postoperative complications included: 5 cases of small pneumothorax in the ultrasound group, a small amount of bleeding around the surrounding, hemoptysis in 4 cases, CT group of patients with 8 cases of a small amount of pneumothorax in the lesions, 4 cases of a small amount of bleeding around the case, 7 cases of hemoptysis. Conclusion After preoperative control count and prevention of infection in patients with treatment, ultrasound guided percutaneous lung biopsy in peripheral pulmonary lesions of AIDS is more safe and effective, worthy of clinical application and promotion.