Objective To study and discuss intervention effects of prenatal eugenic screening in birth defects. Methods From January 2013 to December 2015, we did retrospective study on the clinical data of 69 183 cases of pregnant in which there were 69 262 fetal cases, made prenatal eugenic screening for all pregnant women. Prenatal screening results were analyzed, fetal abnormal cases were calculated. We took appropriate prenatal intervention measures, and followed up pregnant women who had no detection of fetal abnormal. We observed the pregnancy outcome, and calculated the defected childbirth cases and prenatal screening miss rates. Results 69 262 cases of fetus, a total of 7 470 cases of fetal abnormalities were detected. The fetal abnormality rate was 10.79%, of which 1 910 cases were in 2013, 2 569 cases in 2014, 2 991 cases in 2015. The detection rates respectively were 9.15%, 10.70%, 12.17%. 98 cases were determined as fetal birth defects by the final prenatal diagnosis examination, in which all adopted induction of labor to terminate pregnancy. 61 792 cases who were not detected anomalies were followed up in which 17 cases of fetus were found and had abortion during pregnancy, and 9 cases of fetal birth defects were delivered . The incidence of birth defects was 0.1 457 ‰, the prenatal screening miss rate was 0.1 456 ‰. Conclusion Pregnant women were made prenatal eugenic screening and according to the result of prenatal screening we took corresponding intervention, which is effective detect abnormal fetus. We may have timely termination of abnormal pregnancy,and reduce birth defects. It may promote human eugenics.