目的 探讨精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)胚胎发育及妊娠结局的影响,为优化男性生育力评估及辅助生殖治疗策略提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2023年1月—2024年1月于徐州市妇幼保健院接受IVF-ET治疗的126对不孕夫妇,根据男方DFI检测结果分为低碎片组(DFI≤15%,n=42)、临界组(15%<DFI<30%,n=45)和高碎片组(DFI≥30%,n=39)。比较三组患者受精相关指标、胚胎发育指标及妊娠结局指标的差异,并分析DFI与各指标的相关性。结果 低碎片组双原核率(2PN)率、优质胚胎率及囊胚形成率均高于临界组和高碎片组(P<0.001),低碎片组1PN率、多PN率均低于临界组和高碎片组(P<0.001);三组种植率、临床妊娠率、早期流产率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但高碎片组活产率低于低碎片组(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果表明,DFI与优质胚胎率(r=-0.412,P<0.001)、囊胚形成率(r=-0.387,P<0.001)、活产率(r=-0.287,P=0.012)呈负相关,与早期流产率(r=0.206,P=0.059)、种植率(r=-0.215,P=0.058)、临床妊娠率(r=-0.203,P=0.072)无显著相关性。结论 精子DNA碎片指数是影响IVF-ET胚胎发育及妊娠结局的重要因素,高DFI主要通过降低胚胎发育潜能及增加流产风险导致活产率下降,临床需对高DFI患者进行干预以改善治疗结局。
Objective To investigate the impact of sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)on embryo development and pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET),and to provide a basis for optimizing male fertility assessment and assisted reproductive treatment strategies.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 126 infertile couples undergoing IVF-ET treatment at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024.According to the male DFI test results,they were divided into three groups:low fragmentation group(DFI≤15%,n=42),critical group(15% < DFI < 30%,n=45),and high fragmentation group(DFI≥30%,n=39).Differences in fertilization-related indicators,embryo development indicators,and pregnancy outcome indicators were compared among the three groups,and the correlation between DFI and each indicator was analyzed.Results The 2 pronuclei rate(PN)rate,high-quality embryo rate,and blastocyst formation rate in the low fragmentation group were significantly higher than those in the critical and high fragmentation groups(P<0.001).The 1PN rate and multi-PN rate in the low fragmentation group were significantly lower than those in the critical and high fragmentation groups(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the three groups of implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate and early abortion rate(P>0.05),but the live birth rate of high fragment group was significantly lower than that of low fragment group(P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis showed that DFI was significantly negatively correlated with the rate of high quality embryos(r=-0.412,P<0.001),blastocyst formation rate(r=-0.387,P<0.001)and live birth rate(r=-0.287,P=0.012),but not with the rate of early abortion(r=0.206,P=0.059),implantation rate(r=-0.215,P=0.058)and clinical pregnancy rate(r=-0.203,P=0.072).Conclusions Sperm DFI is an important factor affecting embryo development and pregnancy maintenance in IVF-ET.High DFI leads to a decrease in live birth rate mainly by reducing embryo developmental potential and increasing the risk of early abortion.Clinically,early intervention is needed for patients with high DFI to improve treatment outcomes.