目的 探讨氢吗啡酮对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法 45只SD雄性大鼠随机分成3组：假手术组（Sham组）、脑缺血再灌注组（I/R组）和氢吗啡酮组（HM组）。采用Zea-Longa改良线拴法构建动物模型,再灌注24 h后,Zea-Longa评分法评价神经功能;TTC染色检测脑梗死体积;苏木精-伊红（HE）和Nissl染色观察海马神经元病理变化,Tunel染色观察细胞凋亡情况,Western blot、qPCR检测凋亡相关因子B淋巴细胞瘤（Bcl）-2、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bax）和半胱氨酸蛋白酶（Caspase）-3蛋白和mRNA表达量。结果 与I/R组相比,HM组神经功能评分下降和脑梗死面积减小（P<0.05）,Tunel阳性细胞数量减少（P<0.05）,Bax和Caspase-3蛋白mRNA表达量减少,而Bcl-2表达量显著增加（P<0.05）。结论 氢吗啡酮具有神经保护作用,可减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤。

Objective To investigate the effect of hydromorphone on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats．Methods Forty-five SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups：sham-operated group（Sham group）, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group（I/R group）and hydromorphone group（HM group）．The animal models were constructed using the Zea-Longa modified line tethering method, and neurological function was evaluated by the Zea-Longa score after 24 h of reperfusion．TTC staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction, hematoxylin-eosin（HE）and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological changes of hippocampal neurons, and Tunel staining was used to observe apoptosis, Western blot, qPCR were used to detect apoptosis Bcl-2, Bcl-2-associated X protein（Bax）and cysteine protease（Caspase）-3 protein and mRNA expression．Results Compared with the I/R group, the HM group showed lower neurological function scores and cerebral infarct area（P<0.05）, smaller number of Tunel-positive cells（P<0.05）, less mRNA expression of Bax and Caspase-3 proteins and significantly higher expression of Bcl-2（P<0.05）．Conclusions Hydromorphone has neuroprotective effects and can reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats．