目的 探讨动力髋螺钉(dynamic hip screws,DHS)内固定与股骨近端解剖钢板在不同类型股骨粗隆间骨折中的应用价值。方法 研究对象取自于我院2013年11月—2014年11月收治的76例不同类型股骨粗隆间骨折患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组。对照组采用DHS内固定治疗;观察组用股骨近端解剖钢板治疗。统计两组患者手术时间等手术指标,记录并发症发生情况,随访6个月调查患者骨折愈合优良率。结果 观察组手术时间、术中出血量及术中输血量[(83.6±13.8)min、(236.5±27.3)mL和(208.3±86.6)mL]均优于对照组(P<0.05);较对照组,观察组术后并发症发生率13.2%低,骨折愈合优良率81.5%高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 为确保获得理想治疗效果,临床应结合股骨粗隆间骨折患者的骨折类型选择合适方法。股骨近端解剖钢板手术时间短、术中出血量少,术后并发症发生率低,优势更明显。

目的 为避免和减少颈部手术对喉返神经损伤,本文利用尸体解剖探讨喉返神经走向与分布以及与周围组织的相关性。方法 将20具用甲醛固定的成年尸体标本喉返神经(40侧)及其分支解剖;肉眼观察其与甲状腺、甲状腺下动脉和Berry's韧带相关性;测量喉返神经入喉点与甲状软骨下角的距离,以及甲状软骨下角至锁骨中点与胸骨柄上端的距离。结果 喉返神经与甲状腺下动脉交叉比例为96%,交叉点在甲状腺下极平面之上占88%,喉返神经位于甲状腺下动脉及其分支的前方与后方分别为22%与50%,经过Berry's韧带后方占95%,喉返神经入喉点至甲状软骨下角的距离(8.2±2.5)mm。结论 喉返神经与甲状腺下动脉和甲状腺韧带关系复杂,甲状软骨下角可作为喉返神经定位标志。

Objective In an attempt to reduce the risk of intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage, human autopsy was conducted to determine the distribution of RLN and its relationship with surroundings. Methods With the naked eye observation, 20 formalin-fixed adult cadavers were examined. The relationships between RLN and inferior thyroid artery and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage were defined. Both the distance between entering point and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage and the distance between inferior horn of thyroid cartilage and middle point of clavicle bone or upper margin of stern were measured. Results The proportion of cases for recurrent laryngeal nerves intercrossed with inferior thyroid artery and for the crossing above the plane of inferior pole was respectively 88% and 96%. Therecurrent laryngeal never in front and rear of the inferi of thyroid artery and its branches were 22% and 50%,respectivdly.Most cases of RLN were behind Berry s suspensory ligament (95%). The distance between entering point of recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage was 8.2±2.5mm. Conclusion The results suggested that the correlation between RLN and its surrounding tissues is very complicated. The inferior horn of thyroid cartilage may be a useful marker for RLN.