目的 探讨绝经后2型糖尿病人群性激素水平与体质指数（BMI）的关系。方法 收集2022年1月—2023年1月在我院住院的2型糖尿病患者,随机选取自然绝经后女性184例,根据其BMI分组,其中肥胖组23例、超重组74例、BMI正常组87例,比较3组间临床资料及性激素差异。结果 3组间腰围、空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血尿酸、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、雌激素（E₂）比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）,肥胖组和超重组的E₂高于正常组,FSH及LH低于正常组。3组间年龄、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、催乳素、睾酮、孕酮比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,过高的腰围和较低的FSH、LH是绝经后2型糖尿病女性肥胖的影响因素。结论 2型糖尿病绝经后女性应控制腹型肥胖,定期复查LH、FSH,提早干预。

Objective To investigate the relationship between sex hormone levels and body mass index（BMI）in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）．Methods A total of 184 cases of natural postmenopausal women with T2DM admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were randomly selected,including 23 cases of obesity,74 cases of over weight and 87 cases of normal BMI．The clinical data and sex hormones among the three groups were analyzed．Results Waist circumference,fasting plasma glucose（FPG）,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,uric acid,follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH）,luteinizing hormone（LH）and oestrogen（E₂）levels were significantly different among the three groups（P<0.05）．E₂ levels of the obesity group and the over weight group were significantly higher than that of the normal group,while FSH and LH levels were significantly lower than that of the normal group．There was no significant difference in age,hemoglobin A1c,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,prolactin,testosterone and progesterone levels among the three groups（P>0.05）．Logistic regression analysis showed that higher waist circumference and lower FSH and LH levels were significantly correlated with obesity in postmenopausal women with T2DM．Conclusions Abdominal obesity should be controlled in postmenopausal women with T2DM,and LH and FSH should be periodically reviewed,in order to treat in advance．

目的 分析绝经前后女性2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者C肽水平与代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)的关系。方法 选定本院2019年3月—2021年3月接诊的64例绝经前后T2DM患者作为试验组,以及同期门诊体检的64例健康女性作为参照组,检测并比较两组空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽、血糖指标、血清炎症指标、血脂指标、血压指标,比较两组MS发生率,Pearson分析空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽与血糖指标、血清炎症指标、血脂、血压的相关性。结果 试验组空腹C肽、餐后2h C肽、餐后2 h 血糖、空腹血糖、白细胞计数、TNF-α、IL-6、LDL-C、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、收缩压、舒张压均高于参照组,试验组HDL-C低于参照组,P＜0.05。试验组MS发生率(12.50%)高于参照组(1.56%),P＜0.05。空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽与2 h PG、FPG、WBC、TNF-α、IL-6、LDL-C、TG、TC、SBP、DBP呈正相关性,与HDL-C呈负相关性,P＜0.05。结论 绝经前后T2DM患者普遍存在血脂、血压、血糖代谢紊乱及炎症反应,C肽水平增高会增加MS发生率,应当引起临床重视。

Objective To analyze the relationship between C-peptide and metabolic syndrome (MS) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 64 premenopausal and postmenopausal T2DM patients in our hospital from March 2019 to March 2021 were included in the experimental group, and 64 healthy women in the same period were selected as the control subjects. Fasting C-peptide, postprandial 2h C-peptide and blood glucose, serum inflammatory factors, blood lipid and blood pressure were detected and compared between the two groups. The incidence of MS was compared between the two groups. The relationship among fasting C-peptide, postprandial 2h C-peptide and blood glucose, serum inflammation, blood lipid and blood pressure were analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results Fasting C-peptide,postprandial 2h C-peptide, 2hPG, FPG, WBC, TNF-a, IL-6, LDL-C, TG, TC, SBP, DBP of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group. HDL-C of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, P<0.05. The incidence of MS in the experimental group (12.50%) was higher than that in the control group (1.56%), P< 0.05. Fasting C-peptide and postprandial 2h C-peptide were positively correlated with 2hPG, FPG, WBC, TNF-a, IL-6, LDL-C, TG, TC, SBP and DBP, and negatively correlated with HDL-C (P<0.05). Conclusion The metabolic disorder of blood lipid, blood pressure, blood glucose and inflammatory reaction were common in T2DM patients before and after menopause. The increase of C-peptide level would increase the incidence of MS, which should be paid attention in clinic practice.

目的 观察尝试采用激素替代疗法(hormonereplace menttherapy,HRT)治疗更年期疾病的干眼症的临床疗效。方法 将80例(160眼)干眼症患者随机分成2组,治疗组40例(80眼)在滴人工泪液的基础上采用激素替代疗法(HRT)口服治疗。对照组40例(80眼)单纯采用人工泪液滴眼液滴双眼。两组同时给予综合护理。3个月后观察疗效。结果 治疗组总有效率82.5%,对照组总有效率60%,两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组疗效优于对照组。结论 在人工泪液滴眼液滴双眼的基础上尝试采用激素替代疗法(HRT)治疗更年期疾病的干眼症患者,效果优于单纯应用人工泪液点眼。

Objective To investigate the role of hormone replace menttherapy (HRT) in treating xerophthalmia among patients with climacteric disease. Methods Eighty xerophthalmia patients (160 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups. Forty patients in the treatment group (80 eyes) were treated using combined HRT and artificial drops. Forty patients in the control group (80 eyes) were treated using artificial drops alone. All patients were provided comprehensive nursing. The evaluation of clinical effects was performed after 3 months of treatment. Results The total effective rate of both groups was 82.5% in the treatment group and 60% in the control group, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion Combined HRT and artificial drops is more effective in treating climacteric disease-related xerophthalmia than using artificial drops only.

目的 探讨心理干预联合补佳乐在绝经后妇女宫内节育器(IUD)取出术中的临床效果。方法 选取2012年10月—2015年9月在本站施行IUD取出术的绝经后妇女200例,随机分为观察组和对照组各100例,对照组在手术前给予口服补佳乐1 mg 每日1次 连服7天,第8天施行取出术,观察组在对照组的基础上配合心理干预,观察两组在手术过程中的疼痛程度、宫颈松弛度、心理紧张度的差异。结果 IUD取出术中疼痛程度,观察组:0级 53%,1级40.0%, 2级7.0%,3级0%;对照组:0级14.0%,1级27.00%,2级44.0%,3级15.0%。观察组患者IUD取出术中成功率、满意度分别为87%、96%,与对照组比较,两者差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 心理干预联合补佳乐应用于绝经后IUD取出术,可有效改善生殖器的施术条件,减少受术者痛苦,安全、有效,效果满意。

目的 探讨绝经期后女性血清铁蛋白水平与代谢综合征之间的关系。方法 收集218例确诊为MS的绝经期后女性患者为试验组,对照组为经我院检查健康绝经期后的女性300例,分别测FBG、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、HbA1C、INS、SF;计算体重指数(BMI)以及测量腰围;测血压;用HOMA稳态模型来评价胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果 MS组较非MS组的铁蛋白(SF)值高(P<0.01),SF四分位各组之间比较,FBG、TG、HDL-C,BMI,腰围,收缩压、舒张压有差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),四组间年龄、TC、LDL-C无差异。与SF呈正相关的参数有腰围(P<0.01),舒张压(P<0.01),空腹血糖(P<0.01),胰岛素抵抗指数(P<0.01),负相关的参数为HDL-C(P<0.01)。结论 绝经期后女性的SF水平与MS呈显著相关,其中腰围、舒张压、空腹血糖、HDL-C、胰岛素抵抗指数与血清铁蛋白之间存在较大关联性。

Objective To study the relationship of serum ferritin level with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Methods 218 postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome and 300 healthy postmenopausal women were included in this investigation, to detect FBG, TC, TG, LDL- C, HDL-C, HbA1C, INS, SF, calculated body mass index (BMI) and to measure waist circumference, blood pressure; Using HOMA steady-state model to evaluate indexes of insulin resistance (HOMA IR). Results Serum ferritin level was significantly higher in MS group than in the non-MS group(P<0.01). Serum ferritin quarterback was compared between each group, there were differences in FBG, TG, HDL-C,BMI, waist circumference,SBP, DBP(P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no differences in age, TC, LDL-C. Serum ferritin level was significantly positive correlated with waist circumference (P<0.01), DBP(P<0.01), FBG(P<0.01), insulin resistance index (P<0.01), and negative correlation with HDL-C(P<0.01). Conclusion Serum ferritin level is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Waist circumference, DBP, FBG, HDL -C, insulin resistance index are closely associated with the serum ferritin.