目的 探讨分析利用坐式DR轮椅辅助精神发育迟滞患儿胸部DR体检的图像质量。方法 2020年7月—2021年2月,共80例精神发育迟滞患儿纳入本研究。根据协助拍片的方式不同,分为坐式DR轮椅协助组(实验组)和医护人员抓扶协助组(对照组)。采用SPSS 20.0秩和检验分析2组图像质量的差异。结果 2组摄片图像差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。坐式DR轮椅协助精神发育迟滞患者的胸部DR体检图片质量较高,废片率低。结论 坐式DR轮椅协助精神发育迟滞患儿胸部DR摄片图片的质量高,避免重复拍片的几率,为精神发育迟滞患儿及家属减少不必要的辐射风险提供了可靠方案。

Objective To explore and analyze the image quality of chest DR examination of children with mental retardation using DR wheelchair. Methods From July 2020 to February 2021, a total of 80 children with mental retardation were included in this study.According to different ways of assistance in examination, they were divided into seated DR wheelchair assisting group (experimental group) and medical staff assisting group (control group).The SPSS 20.0 rank sum test was used to analyze the difference in image quality between the two groups. Results The difference of radiographic images between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001).Seated DR wheelchairs assisted patients with mental retardation were with high quality and low rejection rate in their chest DR examination pictures. Conclusions DR wheelchair could help children with mental retardation to take chest DR pictures with high quality, avoid the probability of repeated examination, and provide a reliable method for children with mental retardation and their families to reduce the risk of unnecessary radiation.

目的 了解长沙市雨花区环卫工人的健康状况,为有针对性地制定健康教育措施提供依据。方法 为环卫工人进行体格检查,对其体检资料进行统计分析。结果 1 672名受检环卫工人中仅有57人所检项目完全正常,异常检出率达96.60%,其中男性职工的总体检出率要高于女性职工(P<0.05);男性职工慢性咽炎、高血压、血脂异常、高尿酸血症、肾囊肿的检出率较女性职工高(P<0.05);而女性职工肾结石、甲状腺结节、痔疮的检出率要高于男性职工(P<0.05)。体检结果尚具有一定的年龄段分布规律,膝关节退变、超重和肥胖、慢性咽炎、脂肪肝、高尿酸血症、甲状腺结节等检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中膝关节退变、高血压、前列腺增生等检出率随着年龄的增长而增加。结论 环卫工人的卫生保健意识薄弱,进一步促进改善他们的工作条件,并对其进行健康教育非常必要。

Objective To understand the health status of sanitation workers in Yuhua District of Changsha city, and to provide evidence for the establishment of health education measures. Methods The sanitation workers were examined by medical examination and their physical examination data were statistically analyzed. Results In the 1 672 subjects of sanitation workers there were only 57 people seized items completely nor -mal. Abnormal rate was 96.60%. The total examination rate of male workers was higher than that of female workers (P<0.05); morbidity of male workers in chronic pharyngitis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia and renal cysts were higher than female workers (P<0.05); morbidity of the female workers in kidney stones, thyroid nodules, hemorrhoids, was higher than that of the male workers (P<0.05). The examination results had age distribution. There was statistically significant in knee joint degeneration, overweight and obesity, chronic pharyngitis, hyperuricemia, fatty liver, thyroid nodule (P<0.05); the knee joint degeneration, hyperten -sion, prostatic hyperplasia detection rate increased with age. Conclusion The sanitation workers' awareness of health care is weak. It is necessary to further improve their working conditions and to carry out health education for them.

目的 了解农民工对入职体检结果异常的遵医行为状况及影响因素,为临床治疗、护理和健康教育提供相应的依据。方法 对106例在我院行入职体检且结果异常的农民工进行遵医行为的问卷调查,且对影响因素进行分析。结果 遵医行为好的有20例,一般的有38例,差的有48例;年龄、性别、文化程度、职业类型、疾病种类、经济收入对农民工的遵医行为均有影响(P＜0.01)。结论 农民工对入职体检结果异常的遵医行为不容乐观,建议国家或相关省市出台相关政策和法规,为农民工提供相应的健康保障;医疗机构要加大健康教育力度,提高农民工的健康意识和倡导健康行为,降低慢性病的发病率。

Objective To investigate migrant workers' medical compliance after receiving abnormal entry health examination results and relevant factors affecting compliance behavior, providing evidence to clinical treatment, nursing and health education. Methods 106 migrant workers who took part in entry health examination in our hospital and got abnormal results were accepted questionnaires and the relative factors were analyzed. Results 20 migrant workers had good compliance behavior, and 38 workers performed normally while 48 workers did bad. Age, gender, education, type of occupation, type of illness, and income all had influence on compliance behavior (P<0.01). Conclusion The recent condition of migrant workers' medical compliance on abnormal entry health examination results is not good. Therefore the country or province departments should carry out relative laws or policies, providing migrant workers with health support; Medical institutions should promote health education to improve migrant workers' health awareness and health behavior and reduce incidence of chronic diseases.

目的 分析广州市离退休干部的体检结果,为疾病的预防和治疗提供依据。方法 以2015年在我院进行体检的离退休干部为对象,对其中有相同体检内容的3 841位的结果进行分析,探讨该人群中阳性体征检出率最高的前15种疾病,以及这些疾病在不同性别人群中的差异,并与2014年检出结果进行对比。结果 总体人群前15种阳性体征检出率疾病中,大部分疾病的检出率在不同性别人群有统计学差异。老年性白内障(总人群检出率67.56%)、高血压病(46.6%)、结节性甲状腺肿(44.18%)位居前三位;与2014年的检测结果相比,老年性白内障、高尿酸血症、胆囊结石这三种疾病的检出率有所下降,而结节性甲状腺肿、痔疮、慢性咽炎、高脂血症、胆囊炎这五种疾病的检出率有所上升(差异均有统计学意义,P<0.05)。结论 离退休人员性别差异罹患各种疾病的几率不同,男性更易罹患老年性白内障、高尿酸血症、牙周炎、牙龈炎、脂肪肝、糖尿病、胆囊炎。女性更易罹患结节性甲状腺肿、痔疮、慢性咽炎、高脂血症。定期健康体检后的进一步健康管理还相当薄弱,健康干预日益迫切需要。

Objective We analyzed the physical examination results of retired cadres,to acquaint the health status of the targeted population and provide the basis for the disease prevention and treatment. Methods Among the retired cadres who conducted healthy examination in the successive two years of 2014 and 2015, we selected 3841 cases of which examination items were the same in these two years. Based on their healthy examination results, we investigated the diseases of which detected rates of positive sign ranked in top 15, including the different appearances between different genders, and made comparisons with that of year 2014. Results Out of the top 15 diseases, senile cataract, hypertension and nodular goiter ranked in top 3. Compared with that of year 2014, a decrease of the detection rate could be seen in three diseases namely senile cataract, hyperuricemia and cholecystolithiasis, but an increase in five diseases namely nodular goiter, hemorrhoids, chronic pharyngitis, hyperlipidemia and cholecystitis. Conclusion Regular examination is an important way to acquaint the health status of retired cadres, and find pathogenesis risk factors timely. The healthy management however is still weak after physical examination.Thus it can be seen that healthy intervention has become increasingly urgent.

目的 通过对我院健康体检人群眼科体检的数据分析,探讨眼科健康管理对眼部疾病防治的重要性。方法 分析2015年1月—12月眼科体检人群的数量、来源、性别、年龄。分析各类眼部疾病的检出率及不同年龄、性别的分布情况。结果 眼科疾病主要为屈光不正、结膜炎、白内障、眼底动脉硬化、黄斑变性等。屈光不正多以青壮年为主,结膜炎在中老年人群中检出率较高,白内障及眼底疾病的检出率在中老年人群中随年龄的增加而增加。结论 对于常见病和隐匿性疾病的防治,眼科体检具有较好的指导意义。

Objective Through the data analysis of eye common diseases in our hospital physical examination population to discuss the importance of eye health management for eye common disease prevention and control. Methods To analyze the quantities, source, gender and age of the eye examination population from Jan to Dec 2015.To analyze relevance ratio of all kinds of eye common disease and the distribution of different age and gender. Results Ophthalmic diseases included mainly ametropia, conjunctivitis, cataracts,fundus arteriosclerosis,macular degeneration and so on. Ametropia mainly happened at young adults, conjunctivitis detection rate was higher in the elderly crowd. The detection rate of cataract and retinal diseases in the elderly crowd increased with their ages. Conclusion For the prevention and treatment of common diseases and latent glomerular diseases, ophthalmic examination has a good guiding significance.