目的 分析儿童肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）合并EB病毒（EBV）感染的临床表现及危险因素,以期进一步提升疾病预防及治疗有效率。方法 分析2020年4月—2022年4月间于我院进行入院治疗的MPP合并EBV感染患儿基本资料,选择84例进行研究,另选择单一EBV感染患儿作为对照组,对比两组患儿临床表现差异及各项指标,分析合并感染的危险因素。结果 一般资料上,研究组患儿低体质量、免疫力低下、流行病接触史占比均高于对照组,数据差异存在统计学意义（P<0.05）;临床表现上,研究组患儿高热、发热时间≥10 d、呼吸困难、胸腔积液、侵犯多肺叶占比及白细胞、淋巴细胞指标均高于对照组,血小板、Hb低于对照组,数据差异存在统计学意义（P<0.05）;经多因素分析发现,低体质量、免疫力低下、流行病接触史、高热、发热时间≥10 d、呼吸困难、胸腔积液、侵犯多肺叶、白细胞、血小板、Hb、淋巴细胞是MPP合并EBV感染的重要危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 儿童MPP合并EBV感染临床病症表现明显,且相较于单一EBV感染症状更为严重,医务人员需要根据患儿表现及相关危险因素及时予以准确诊断,对患儿实施针对性有效治疗,提升疾病治疗有效率。

目的 分析人类疱疹病毒(EBV)致传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)患儿病毒量与临床特征的关系。方法 选取我院2016年1月—2021年1月收治的EBV定量阳性的IM患儿128例,按照患儿EBV含量分为低病毒量组(n=64)和高病毒量组(n=64)。比较不同病毒含量组患儿的症状体征、实验室检查及临床特征,并分析具有统计学差异的指标与病毒量之间的相关性。结果 高EBV含量组患儿丙氨酸氨基转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶、血沉、外周血白细胞计数指标水平均高于低EBV含量组(P<0.05)。患儿的退热时间、淋巴结缩小时间、肝脾肿大消退时间及住院时间均随着EBV含量的增加而延长(P<0.05)。EBV含量与退热时间、淋巴结缩小时间、肝脾肿大消退时间及住院时间成正相关(r=0.453,0.458,0.402,0.415,P<0.05)。结论 EBV含量越高,IM患儿住院时间及临床指标恢复时间越长,因此临床治疗IM患儿时可以根据EBV含量的高低进行病情评估。

Objective To analyze the relationship between viral load and clinical characteristics in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Methods A total of 128 children with IM who tested positive for EBV and admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 were selected and divided into low virus group (n=64) and high virus group (n=64) according to their EBV level. The symptoms and signs, laboratory examinations and clinical characteristics of two groups were compared, and the correlation between the statistically different indicators and the amount of virus were analyzed. Results In children with high EBV level, the levels of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and peripheral blood white blood cell count were higher than low EBV level group (P<0.05). The time of fever, lymph node shrinkage, hepatosplenomegaly to subside, and hospitalization time of the children were all prolonged with the increase of EBV level (P<0.05). The level of EBV was positively correlated with the time to allay fever, the time to shrink the lymph nodes, the time to improve hepatosplenomegaly, and the length of hospital stay (r=0.453, 0.458, 0.402, 0.415,P<0.05). Conclusions The higher EBV level, the longer hospitalization time and recovery time of clinical indicators in children with IM. Therefore, the disease assessment of children with IM can be based on EBV level.