目的 探究Harris-Benedict(HB)公式用于估算机械通气的危重症患者能量代谢的准确性,以及不同BMI分组对其影响。方法 使用间接能量测定法测量患者的静息能量(ICREE),通过HB公式计算其静息能量代谢估算值(HBREE)。将80例患者按BMI分为4组,并通过配对样本t检验对ICREE与HBREE进行比较,Pearson分析用于分析ICREE与HBREE的相关性。结果 共纳入80例机械通气的危重症患者。除肥胖组外的其余各组病人,ICREE均高于HBREE(均P＜0.01),HB公式的准确率为23.75%。ICREE与HBREE相关性差(r=0.331,P＜0.01)。当各组使用校正系数对HB公式进行调整后,ICREE与HBREE差异无统计学意义,准确率提高至38.8%。结论 使用HB公式不能很好地反应危重症患者的实际能量代谢。BMI可能是影响HB公式准确性的重要因素。依据不同BMI分组,使用相应校正系数可提高HB公式的准确性。

Objective To explore the accuracy of the Harris-Benedict (HB) formula used to estimate the energy metabolism in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation and the effects of different BMI groups on it. Methods Indirect calorimetry was used to measure the resting energy of the patient,and the estimated resting energy metabolism was calculated by the HB formula. 80 patients were divided into four groups according to BMI. ICREE and HBREE were compared by paired sample t test. Pearson analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ICREE and HBREE. Results This study included 80 critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.Except for the obese group,ICREEE was higher than HBREE in all patients and the remaining groups of patients. The accuracy rate of the HB formula was 23.75%. The correlation between ICREE and HBREE is poor(r=0.331,P＜0.01). There was no statistical difference between ICREEE and HBREE and the accuracy rate increased to 38.8% after the Harris-Benedict equation was adjusted by using the correction factor. Conclusion Using the HB formula can not reflect the actual energy metabolism of critically ill patients well. BMI may be an important factor affecting the accuracy of HB formula. The accuracy of the HB equation can be improved by using different correction factors according to different BMI groupings.

       目的   探讨机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压（CVP）的关系。方法   选取2022年1月—2024年1月开封市中医院收治的110例机械通气危重患者作为研究对象进行回顾性分析，依照患者不同卧床体位进行分组，分为平卧位组（n=20）、30°卧位组（n=30）、45°卧位组（n=40）、60°卧位组（n=20），分析机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压的关系。结果   不同体位患者呼吸频率（RR）、心率（HR）、血氧饱和度（SpO₂）、平均动脉压（MAP）比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），不同体位患者CVP水平比较差异有统计学意义，平卧位组更高（P＜0.05）；Spearman相关分析结果表明，RR、HR、SpO₂、MAP与体位无相关性（P＞0.05），CVP与体位角度呈负相关（P＜0.05）；体位一直无变化的患者5 min、10 min CVP差值比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），5 min内变化体位与5~10 min变化体位患者CVP差值有所变化（P＜0.05）；CVP水平可随着体位角度增加而降低，随着呼气末正压（PEEP）水平升高而升高（P＜0.05）。结论   机械通气危重患者CVP可随着体位及PEEP水平变化而发生改变，因此针对患者监测CVP过程中可尽量让患者保持平卧位5 min后，且确保每次监测过程中PEEP稳定时进行CVP监测，可在监测后再对患者进行体位调整，确保CVP数据准确的同时，提升患者舒适度。

       Objective  To explore the relationship between lying angle and central venous pressure（CVP）in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation．Methods  A  retrospective analysis was conducted on 110 critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to January 2024．The patients were divided into three groups based on their different bed positions：supine position group（n=20），30° lying angle group（n=30），45° lying angle group（n=40），and 60° lying angle group（n=20）．The relationship between CVP and lying angle of patients were compared．Results  There was no significant difference in respiratory rate（RR），heart rate（HR），blood oxygen saturation（SpO₂），and mean arterial pressure（MAP）between patients in different lying angle（P＞0.05），and there was a significant difference in CVP among patients in different lying angle．The supine position group had a significantly higher CVP（P＜0.05）．The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that RR，HR，SpO₂，MAP were not significantly correlated with lying angle（P＞0.05），while CVP was negatively correlated with body lying angle（P＜0.05）．There was no significant difference（P＞0.05）in CVP between 5 minutes and 10 minutes in patients with no changes in lying angle，while patients with changes in lying angle within 5 minutes and those between 5 minutes and 10 minutes showed significant changes（P＜0.05）．CVP levels decreased with increasing lying angle and increased with increasing PEEP level（P＜0.05）．Conclusions  The CVP of critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation can change with lying angle and PEEP level．Therefore，during the monitoring of CVP for patients，it is advisable to keep them in a supine position for 5 minutes and ensure that PEEP is monitored simultaneously during each monitoring process．After monitoring，the patient’s posture can be adjusted to ensure accurate CVP data and improve patient’s comfort level．