晚期癌痛所带来的疼痛症状是持久且严重的，这十分影响患者的生活质量与身心健康，并阻碍肿瘤治疗方案的顺利实施，进而影响患者治疗效果。阿片类药物是治疗中重度癌痛的主要方式，具有明确的镇痛效果，但是，吗啡、芬太尼等具有代表性的传统阿片类药物也存在一定的应用局限性，其主要通过激活μ-阿片受体下游的G蛋白信号通路以发挥镇痛作用，这会在一定程度上激活β-arrestin通路，进而增加呼吸抑制、严重便秘、过度镇静等副作用的发生情况，因此，该类药物不具有临床广泛应用性[1-2]。在此背景下，奥赛利定作为新型阿片类药物应运而生，其可选择性激活G蛋白通路，且不会显著激动β-arrestin通路效应，能够在实现强效镇痛的同时，还可降低由β-arrestin通路激活所介导的不良反应发生率，这十分适合应用在无法耐受传统阿片镇痛药物副作用的患者群体之中[3-4]。基于此，本研究进一步探究奥赛利定注射液治疗晚期癌痛的临床疗效与安全性，如下。

目的 分析疼痛护理对直肠癌癌痛患者不良情绪及爆发性疼痛的影响。方法 选取2020年4月—2020年6月我院收治的68例直肠癌癌痛患者作为研究对象,通过随机分组的方式将患者分为2组,对照组使用常规临床护理模式,观察组使用疼痛护理模式,对比2组患者的癌痛程度、不良情绪及爆发性疼痛的发生率。结果 2组患者在接受不同护理模式后,SF-MPQ评分相较于护理前出现了下降(P＜0.05),其中观察组的评分与对照组比较下降(P＜0.05),但护理前2组比较并无差异(P＞0.05);2组患者在接受不同护理模式后,功能维度评分和总体健康评分相较于护理前出现了上升(P＜0.05),且与对照组比较观察组得分升高(P＜0.05),2组患者在接受不同护理模式后,症状维度评分相较于护理前降低(P＜0.05),且与对照组比较观察组的评分下降(P＜0.05);服药依从率对比结果显示,观察组(94.12%)的依从性优于对照组(61.76%),组间比较有差异(P＜0.05);爆发性疼痛对比结果显示,观察组(8.82%)低于对照组(47.06%),组间比较有差异(P＜0.05)。结论 疼痛护理可以有效应用于直肠癌癌痛患者的护理中,其不仅可以减轻患者的癌痛程度,还有利于调节患者的不良情绪,降低患者的爆发性疼痛发生率,宜广泛应用及推广。

Objective To analyze the influence of pain nursing on the negative mood and explosive pain of patients with rectal cancer pain. Methods A total of 68 patients with colorectal cancer pain in June 2020 were included as research objects, and divided into two groups by randomized grouping.Routine clinical care was applied on the control group, pain nursing was applied on the observation group.The incidence of cancer pain, negative emotions and explosive pain in both groups of patients were compared. Results After applying different care plans, two groups of patients had a significant decrease in the SF-MPQ score (P<0.05), in which the score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), however, there were no significant differences before nursing (P>0.05). Two groups of patients were significantly improving in function scoring and the overall health scoring after receiving different care modes (P<0.05), and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The symptom dimension scores were significantly lower than before accepting different care modes (P<0.05), and the control group was significantly higher (P<0.05). The comparative results of the medicinal compliance of observation group (94.12%) were better than the control group (61.76%,P<0.05); outbreak pain comparative results showed the observation group (8.82%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (47.06%,P<0.05). Conclusion Pain nursing can be effectively used in the nursing of patients with rectal cancer pain.It can not only reduce the degree of cancer pain, but also help regulate the patient's negative mood and reduce the incidence of explosive pain.It should be widely used and promoted.

目的 分析团体认知行为干预联合揿针全程护理对胃癌晚期癌痛患者心理状态的影响。方法 选取我院115例胃癌晚期癌痛患者(2018年3月—2021年1月),依照干预方案不同分为3组。对照1组(37例)接受团体认知行为干预,对照2组(38例)接受揿针全程护理干预,观察组(40例)接受团体认知行为干预联合揿针全程护理干预,比较3组干预效果。结果 疼痛爆发时疼痛缓解情况:观察组疼痛爆发时疼痛缓解率均较对照1组、对照2组高(P＜0.05);心理状态:干预1个月后,3组心理状态均得到改善,且观察组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分均较对照1组、对照2组低(P＜0.05);护理满意度:与对照1组、对照2组对比,观察组护理满意度较高(P＜0.05)。结论 团体认知行为干预联合揿针全程护理应用于胃癌晚期癌痛患者,能有效缓解疼痛,改善心理状态,且护理满意度高。

Objective To analyze the effect of group cognitive behavior intervention combined with whole-process nursing of pressing needle on the psychological state of patients with advanced gastric cancer pain. Methods A total of 115 patients with advanced gastric cancer pain in our hospital (from March 2018 to January 2021) were selected and divided into 3 groups according to different intervention methods. Control group 1 (37 cases) received group cognitive behavioral intervention, control group 2 (38 cases) received whole-course nursing intervention of pressing needle, and observation group (40 cases) received whole-process nursing intervention of group cognitive behavioral intervention combined with pressing needle. The intervention effects of the three groups were compared. Results Pain relief when pain burst: the pain relief rate of observation group was higher than control group 1 and control group 2 (P<0.05). Mental state: after 1 month of intervention, the mental state of the 3 groups was improved, and the scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) in the observation group were lower than those in control group 1 and control group 2 (P<0.05). Nursing satisfaction: compared with control group 1 and control group 2, nursing satisfaction of observation group was higher (P<0.05). Conclusions Group cognitive behavior intervention combined with whole-process nursing of pressing needle applied to patients with advanced gastric cancer pain could effectively relieve pain, improve psychological state, and nursing satisfaction.

目的 探讨延续性护理干预对癌痛患者服药依从性及疼痛治疗效果的影响。方法 选取105例住院治疗的中度至重度癌痛患者,均需服用阿片类药物止痛治疗,单日出院的患者(48例)设为对照组,双日出院的患者(57例)设为干预组。对照组在出院前由责任护士给予常规的用药指导;实验组则在此基础上,于出院后提供延续性护理干预,对患者每周进行电话回访1次,每个出院患者至少回访4次,比较两组患者出院4周后服药依从性及疼痛治疗效果的差异。结果 实验组服药依从性、疼痛治疗效果高于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论 延续性护理干预能提高出院癌痛患者服药依从性及疼痛治疗效果,改善患者的生存质量。

Objective To investigate the impact of continuing nursing on the medication compliance and effect of pain treatment in patients with cancer pain. Methods 105 cases of hospitalized patients with medium to severe cancer pain were selected,need to take opioid analgesic therapy,they were divided into the control group who were single-day discharged(n=48)and intervention group who were double-day discharged(n=57),when discharged,the control group was received conventional health education of medication by the specialized nurses;on this basis,the experimental group was received continuing nursing after discharge,the patients had a return visit by telephone once a week,each patient were visited 4 times at least. After 4 weeks,the medication compliance and effect of pain treatment in the two groups were compared. Results In the experimental group,the medication compliance of patients and effect of pain treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion The continuing nursing intervention can significantly improve the medication compliance and effect of pain treatment for discharged patients with cancer pain,and improve the quality of life.