目的 了解医院感染及抗菌药物使用现状,进一步制定有效的预防控制措施。方法 采用横断面调查方法,应用SPSS 17.0行统计分析。结果 3次调查实查率100%。其中社区感染255例,现患率31.14%;高发科室为儿科;感染部位以下呼吸道为主(62.75%);感染病原以革兰氏阳性菌(G⁺)为主。医院内感染6例、现患率0.73%;高发科室为妇产科、外科;感染部位以浅表切口为主(50%);感染病原以革兰氏阴性菌(G^-)为主(66.6%)。三年内医院抗菌药物平均使用率32.23%。结论 调查结果反映了医院感染及抗菌药物使用现状。依此制定干预措施,防控多重耐药菌感染,减少医院感染发生。

Objective To investigate the trends of nosocomial infections and use of antimicrobial agents,in order to effectively prevent and control program of hospital infection. Methods Cross-sectional survey method was adopted,the SPSS17.0 were used to statistical analysis. Results The check real rate was 100％.Among them 255 cases were community infection, the infection rate was 31.14%; the high frequent incidence was in the pediatric department; lower respiratory tract infection was the primary infection sites(62.75%);gram-positive bacteria (G +) was the main pathogenic bacteria. 6 cases were nosocomial infection, the infection rate was 0.73%; the obstetrics and gynecology /surgery were the primary incidence; superficial incisional wound infection was the primary infection sites(50%);gram-negative bacteria (G-) was the main pathogenic bacteria(66.6%).The antimicrobial drug utilization rate averaged 32.23% in the three years. Conclusion The investigation reflects the nosocomial infection rates and the present situation of the use of antibacterial drugs. intervention measures were formulated based on the results of the survey. multiple drug-resistant bacteria infection should be prevented and controlled to reduce the incidence of hospital infection.

目的 探讨双侧声带麻痹治疗方式的选择与疗效。方法 回顾分析本院自2000年1月—2007年12月收治的双侧声带麻痹患者16例手术治疗资料与术后随访情况。结果 16例双侧声带麻痹的患者总共接受了29次手术治疗。4例鼻咽癌放疗后患者接受1次气管切开术,其他12例患者总共接受了25次手术治疗,平均每人2.1次。术式包括:气管切开术、神经肌蒂移植术、喉声带外移术、支撑喉镜CO₂激光声带手术及喉裂开单侧声带切除。结论 目前针对双侧声带麻痹的手术治疗有多种术式可供选择,临床医生应结合患者具体情况为患者提供个性化的治疗方案。

Objective To investigate the choice of surgical treatments for patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Methods A retrospective analysis the operation and postoperative treatments in patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis,from Jannuary 2000 to December 2007 in our hospital. Results A total of 29 operations were applied in 16 cases patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis.Four cases of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were received one time tracheotomy after radiotherapy.The others were received operation therapy for a total of 25 times.The average operation times in these groups was 2.1.Among them:Two patients were received one time operation,accounted for 16.7%(2/12);Five patients were received two times operation,accounted for 41.7%(5/12);Three patients were received three times operation,accounted for 25%(3/12);One patient was received four times operation,accounted for 6.3%(1/12).The surgical treatments included of tracheotomy,neuromuscular pedicle transplantation,lateral cordopexy,the laryngoscope vocal cord operation by CO₂ laser and laryngofissure unilateral vocal cord resection. Conclusion There have a variety of surgical options for bilateral vocal cord paralysis.Clinicians should provide individualized treatment plans for patients combined with their specific circumstances.