目的 分析银川地区单采献血者流失原因,制定回召策略。方法 对银川地区末次献血时间在2019年1月1日—2020年12月31日的1 498名单采献血者逐个致电回访,使用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析,不同组间变量比较用χ²检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 成功召回355人(23.7%),和未召回组比较,性别无统计学差异(P>0.05),各年龄段、民族、职业、文化程度、血型之间均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。18～24岁、汉族、国家企事业单位、研究生及以上学历人群回召率最高;随着年龄增长、文化程度降低,回召成功率下降。未召回原因中工作繁忙占比最大,其次为在外地、身体原因、亲友献血者、失联、学生毕业、对献血误解、停车不便。结论 不断优化、细化单采献血服务,让工作更加人性化,加大献血正面形象的宣传,不断创新,从而保留固定献血者。

Objective To analyze the causes of apheresis blood donors loss in Yinchuan area, and to work out the call-back strategy. Methods A total of 1 498 blood donors whose last blood donation time was between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020 in Yinchuan area were called one by one. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Variables between different groups were compared usingχ² test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Three hundred and fifty-five people (23.7%) were successfully called back. Compared with the failed call-back group, there was no significant difference in gender (P>0.05), but there were significant differences in age, nationality, occupation, education level and blood type (P<0.05). People aged 18-24, with Han Nationality, working in national enterprises or institutions, or with graduate degree or above had the highest call-back rate; with the increase of age and the decrease of education level, the success rate of call-back decreased. Among the reasons for call-back failure, no free time accounted for the largest proportion, followed by being in other places, physical reasons, donors of relatives and friends, losing contact, graduated from school, misunderstanding of blood donation, and inconvenient parking. Conclusion We will continue to optimize and refine the apheresis blood donation service, make the work more humanized, expand the publicity of the positive image of blood donation, and innovate constantly, so as to retain the blood donors.

目的 探讨机采血小板献血者流失原因,为建立一支稳固的机采血小板献血者队伍提供参考。方法 选择2009年1月1日—2012年12月31日河源市中心血站首次机采血小板献血者共382例为研究对象,根据其首次机采血小板献血后3年内是否再次参加机采血小板献血分为实验组和对照组,分别对研究对象进行电话回访调查。结果 3年内未再次参加血小板献血流失者118例,总流失率为30.89%;不同献血动机组流失率差异有统计学意义 (χ²= 18.552,P=0.000),其中动机不明确组流失率(52.49%)最高,寻求社会荣誉组流失率(15.79%)最低。发生过献血反应组(63.64%)流失率显著高于未发生献血反应组流失率(26.63%),两组间差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.501,P=0.004);对献血过程不满意组流失率(39.77%)显著高于满意组流失率(28.23%),两组间差异有统计学意义(χ²=16.413,P=0.000);认为机采时间过长组机采血小板献血者流失率(49.40%)显著高于不认为机采时间过长组流失率为(25.75%),两组间差异有统计学意义(χ²=17.014,P=0.000)。健康状况(体检结果)不合格组流失率(43.84%)显著高于合格组流失率(27.83%),两组间差异有统计学意义(χ²=9.022,P=0.030)。媒体(或网络)负面的宣传与献血者是否方便对机采血小板献血者流失率的影响不显著(χ²=1.579,P=0.209;χ²=2.130,P=0.144)。结论 机采血小板献血者流失主要与献血动机、献血过程感受以及自身健康等因素有关。