目的 分析布地格福吸入、无创正压通气（NIPPV）联合治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重（AECOPD）合并呼吸衰竭的效果。方法 本研究采用回顾性对照研究。选取2024-06—2025-05我院96例AECOPD合并呼吸衰竭者，根据治疗方案不同分组，每组48例。对照组接受NIPPV治疗，研究组接布地格福吸入、NIPPV联合治疗，持续治疗1周。观察并对比两组疗效、病情程度、血气指标[动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）]、肺功能[最大呼气压（MEP）、一秒率（FEV1/FVC）]、炎性因子指标[C反应蛋白（CRP）、白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）]、氧化应激指标[超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、过氧化脂质（LPO）]及不良反应。结果 研究组治疗有效率为91.67%（44/48），高于对照组75.00%（36/48）（P＜0.05）；治疗1周后与对照组相比，研究组mMRC分值、CAT分值均较低（P＜0.05）；治疗1周后，与对照组相比，研究组MEP、FEV1/FVC、PaO2较高，PaCO2较低（P＜0.05）；治疗1周后与对照组相比，研究组CRP、TNF-α、IL-6较低（P＜0.05）；治疗1周后与对照组相比，研究组SOD、GSH-Px较高，LPO较低（P＜0.05）；两组不良反应无明显差异（P＞0.05）。结论 布地格福吸入、NIPPV联合治疗AECOPD合并呼吸衰竭，可明显减轻症状，改善血气指标与肺功能，抑制炎症反应，调节氧化应激，且保障安全性。

目的 探讨应用超声心动图评价肺动脉高压(PAH)致心肌损伤的临床价值及氧化应激损伤的相关性。方法 12周龄SD大鼠48只。随机均分为4组:空白对照组、NaCl对照组、PAH 2周组及PAH 4周组。建模后,采用超声检测相关参数。HE及Masson染色观察右心室的心肌细胞及胶原纤维分布情况,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)水平,并评价其与超声参数的相关性。结果 PAH组大鼠超声相关参数均变化明显,且逐渐加重。HE及Masson染色显示心肌细胞增大,心肌间隙中的胶原纤维明显增多,且4周组较明显。PAH组大鼠心肌组织中的SOD活力及GSH水平较低,而MDA水平较高,有变化趋势,且与超声参数有显著相关性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PAH导致大鼠右心室心肌组织结构改变,同时引起氧化应激相关指标的变化。

Objective To explore the clinical value of echocardiographic evaluation of myocardial injury caused by pulmonary hypertension (PAH) and the correlation of oxidative stress injury. Methods Forty-eight 12-week-old SD rats were collected. They were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, NaCl control group, PAH 2-week group and PAH 4-week group. After modeling, ultrasound was used to detect relevant parameters. HE and Masson staining were used to observe the distribution of myocardial cells and collagen fibers in the right ventricle. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured, and their correlations with ultrasound parameters were evaluated. Results The ultrasound-related parameters of rats in the PAH group changed significantly and gradually increased.HE and Masson staining showed that cardiac myocytes were enlarged and collagen fibers in myocardial interstices were increased, and it was more obvious in the 4-week group.In the PAH group, the SOD activity and GSH levels were lower, while the MDA levels were higher, and there was a trend of change, and there was a significant correlation with ultrasound parameters. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion PAH causes changes in the myocardial tissue structure of the rat right ventricle, as well as changes in oxidative stress-related indicators.

目的 研究输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石疗效及对氧化应激指标的影响。方法 选取我院2016年3月—2017年4月间收治的输尿管结石患者60例,随机将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例。观察组接受输尿管钬激光碎石术治疗,对照组接受传统开放手术治疗。比较两组手术前后白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞(WBC)等炎性因子以及皮质醇(Cor)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等氧化应激指标水平,同时比较两组碎石情况。结果 观察组手术时间、住院天数低于对照组,结石排净率高于对照组(P<0.05);术后,观察组IL-10、CRP、WBC高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组Cor、MDA低于对照组,而SOD高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石疗效显著,能够抑制炎性因子,减轻应激反应,促进患者疾病康复,值得临床推广。

Objective To study the effect of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi and its effect on oxidative stress. Methods Sixty patients with ureteral calculi admitted to our hospital from March 2016 to April 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 30 cases in each group. The observation group received ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy and the control group received conventional open surgery. We compared inflammatory factors such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cells (WBC) before and after surgery, as well as cortisol (Cor), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other levels of oxidative stress indicators, while comparing the two groups of debris. Results The operation time and hospitalization days in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. The stone removal rate was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After operation, the IL-10, CRP and WBC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P< 0.05). Cor and MDA in the observation group were lower than the control group, and SOD was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy is effective in the treatment of ureteral calculi. It can inhibit inflammatory factors, reduce stress response, and promote the recovery of patients' diseases. It is worthy of clinical promotion.