目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）住院患者口腔功能状态现状及影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选择2022年9月—2023年7月在深圳市龙岗区某三甲医院呼吸内科、胸外科的老年COPD住院患者191例作为研究对象。使用一般资料调查表、日常生活自理能力评估量表（BADL）、反复唾液吞咽试验（RSST）、改良版呼吸困难量表（mMRC）、改良版Beck口腔评分量表进行调查及评估。采用单因素分析老年COPD住院患者口腔功能状态的影响因素,采用Logistic回归分析老年COPD住院患者口腔功能状态的影响因素。结果 191例老年COPD患者中,入院时、住院第3天（D3）、住院第5天（D5）、出院的Beck口腔评分分别为（10.79±2.51）,（10.91±2.82）,（11.21±2.30）,（10.83±2.55）分,比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。单因素分析结果显示,COPD患者在D3、D5、出院时,Beck口腔功能状态的影响因素有：年龄、性别、婚姻状况、牙齿缺失情况、抽烟史以及生活自理能力影响,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、吸烟状况、牙齿缺失数量、生活自理能力是COPD住院患者口腔功能状态的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 老年COPD患者口腔卫生状况较差,且受到年龄、吸烟情况、牙齿缺失、生活自理能力的影响,应采取针对性预防和干预策略,改善老年COPD住院患者的口腔卫生状况,以降低COPD患者发生并发症的风险。

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of oral function in hospitalized patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）．Methods A total of 191 patients with COPD who were hospitalized in the Respiratory Department and Thoracic Surgery Department of a hospital in Longgang,Shenzhen from September 2022 to July 2023 were selected by convenience sampling．The general data questionnaire,the Barthel index of activity of daily living（BADL） the repetitive saliva swallowing test（RSST）,modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale（mMRC）,the Modified Beck Oral Assessment Scale（BOAS）were used for investigation and evaluation．Single factor analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of oral function status in elderly COPD patients,and logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors affecting oral function status in elderly COPD patients．Results Among 191 elderly patients with COPD,the BOAS scores were（10.79±2.51）,（10.91±2.82）,（11.21±2.30）,（10.83±2.55）at admission,the 3rd day,the 5th day and discharged day,respectively,with no statistical significance．The results of univariate analysis indicated that the independent risk factors of Beck oral function status in COPD patients at D3,D5 and discharge were gender,age,marital status,tooth loss,smoking history and Barthel index score,and the differences were statistically significant（P <0.05）．Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that age,smoking status,tooth loss and Barthel index score were independent risk factors for oral function status in hospitalized patients with COPD（P<0.05）．Conclusions Elderly patients with COPD have poor oral health status,which is affected by patient's age,smoking history,tooth loss and self-care ability．Targeted prevention and intervention strategies should be adopted to improve the oral health status of hospitalized patients with COPD,so as to reduce the COPD patient's risk of complications．

腺苷至肌苷RNA编辑（AIRE）是指转录前体RNA在腺苷酸脱氨酶的作用下,某些位点的腺苷发生脱氨反应转变成肌苷的过程,在碱基配对时,肌苷被识别作鸟苷,导致转录组重编写。随着高通量测序技术的不断进步,大量异常的AIRE被发现可导致氨基酸编码改变、RNA剪切异常以及microRNA-mRNA重定向等过程,从而参与肿瘤的发生发展。绝大部分的AIRE位点均位于基因非编码区,解析它们的生物学功能仍存在一定的挑战。本综述旨在描述AIRE的生物学机制和AIRE位点在不同肿瘤发生发展作用的进展,为AIRE与肿瘤的研究提供思路。

Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing（AIRE）is catalysed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA（ADARs）,which converts adenosine to inosine in nascent RNA．Since inosine is recognized as guanosine in post-transcriptional process,AIRE is functionally approximate to an A-to-G mutation and results in transcriptome recoding．With the continuous advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology,a large number of abnormal AIRE events have been found to exert different biological mechanisms such as amino acid changes,RNA splicing abnormalities and microRNA-mRNA redirection,which plays an important role in the development of human tumorigenesis．Most of AIRE sites are located in non-coding region,which brings challenges in analyzing their biological functions．This review aims to describe the biological mechanisms of AIRE and the relationship between AIRE sites and the development of different tumor types,providing ideas for the study of AIRE and tumors．

《流行病学》作为公共卫生与预防医学的主干课程,对于培养高质量公共卫生人才至关重要。在大数据、人工智能和互联网技术迅猛发展的时代背景下,传统的单一教学模式已无法满足现代医学教育的需求。线上线下混合教学模式逐渐成为高等医学教育的主要教学方式。这种模式结合了线上资源的丰富性和线下课堂的互动性,能够拓展教学内容,提高学生的自主学习能力。通过大数据分析和人工智能技术,可以提供个性化学习体验和实时反馈,优化教学效果。然而,这一模式在实际应用中仍面临诸如资源整合不够、师生互动不足等挑战。文章以广州医科大学为例,分析了《流行病学》课程中混合教学模式的优势与不足,并提出了针对性的改进建议。通过这些建议,旨在提升混合教学模式的有效性,为未来教学改革提供新的思路和参考。

Epidemiology,as a core course in public health and preventive medicine,is crucial for training high-quality public health professionals．With the rapid development of big data,artificial intelligence,and internet technologies,traditional single-mode teaching methods no longer meet the demands of modern education．The blended learning model,combining online and offline teaching,has gradually become a primary method in higher medical education．This model integrates the richness of online resources with the interactivity of offline classes,expanding instructional content and enhancing students' self-directed learning abilities．By leveraging big data analysis and artificial intelligence,personalized learning experiences and real-time feedback can be provided to optimize teaching effectiveness．However,this model still faces challenges such as inadequate resource integration and insufficient teacher-student interaction in practical application．This study uses a medical university as a case study to analyze the advantages and limitations of the blended learning model in epidemiology courses and proposes targeted improvement suggestions．The aim is to enhance the effectiveness of blended learning and provide new insights and references for future teaching reforms．

吞咽障碍是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的常见并发症之一,并且是COPD急性加重的危险因素之一,对患者预后造成不良影响。对COPD患者吞咽障碍的发生及严重程度进行准确的评估,是进行科学管理的首要前提。本文对COPD吞咽障碍评估工具的基本特点、应用现状及发展现状进行综述,为临床医务人员选择评估工具提供借鉴。

Dysphagia is one of the common complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）,and is one of the risk factors of acute exacerbation of COPD,which has adverse effects on the prognosis of patients．Accurate assessment of the occurrence and severity of dysphagia in COPD patients is the first step for scientific management．In this paper,the basic characteristics,application status and development status of assessment tools for COPD patients with dysphagia are reviewed,which can provide reference for the selection of assessment tools for clinical medical staff．

目的 探究血清外泌体对小鼠烫伤伤口愈合的促进作用及机制。方法 选取我院60只NIH小鼠作为研究对象,对其血清中的外泌体进行提取和分离,建立起皮肤烫伤模型。采用血清外泌体进行治疗,评估治疗的效果,观察皮肤组织的病理变化,检测小鼠成纤维细胞增殖和表皮HaCat细胞迁移使用血清外泌体受到的影响。结果 空白对照组和血清外泌体小鼠烫伤创口愈合时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);血清外泌体作用24 h后,不同剂量OD值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);10 μL Exo组和PBS组内部不同时间点OD值差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);外泌体组和PBS组24 h的HaCat细胞迁移率相比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 血清外泌体可以促进小鼠烫伤伤口的愈合,对成纤维细胞的增殖和表皮HaCat细胞的迁移作用也比较显著,可能成为临床治疗烫伤的新手段。