探讨改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后留置尿管患者临床的影响。方法 选取2025年2月7日—2025年10 月10日我院妇科腹腔镜手术术后留置尿管患者60例为研究对象。本研究采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组与观察组，两组各纳入30例。比较两组首次拔管尿路疼痛评价、首次排尿时间、患者尿潴留例数。结果 观察组首次拔尿管尿路疼痛程度显著低于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组首次排尿时间显著少于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察两组尿潴留发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 本次研究采用改良后的尿管拔除方法，虽未明显降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者的尿潴留发生率，但能有效降低拔尿管时患者的不适感 ，减少尿道损伤，缓解疼痛，加快患者自主排尿，具有积极临床实践意义。

探讨改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后留置尿管患者临床的影响。方法 选取2025年2月7日—2025年10 月10日我院妇科腹腔镜手术术后留置尿管患者60例为研究对象。本研究采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组与观察组，两组各纳入30例。比较两组首次拔管尿路疼痛评价、首次排尿时间、患者尿潴留例数。结果 观察组首次拔尿管尿路疼痛程度显著低于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组首次排尿时间显著少于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察两组尿潴留发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 本次研究采用改良后的尿管拔除方法，虽未明显降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者的尿潴留发生率，但能有效降低拔尿管时患者的不适感 ，减少尿道损伤，缓解疼痛，加快患者自主排尿，具有积极临床实践意义

目的 探讨改良后本科生临床医学课堂教学评价量表在时效性、有效性和易用性方面的变化。方法 2018年9月-2019年9月选取四川大学华西医院2017级临床医学和口腔医学五年制本科生共30名，以及3名授课教师作为研究对象，将既往版、现行版以及改良版教学质量评价量表应用课堂，并采用问卷调查方法对其进行分析评估。评估经改良后的教学质量评价表在及时性、有效性和易用性方面的变化差异。结果 共计向研究对象发放99份教学质量评价量表和33份调查问卷，回收率为100%。针对授课教师能及时获取教学质量反馈，教师认为课后评教工具的最佳评价时机为课后当天晚上12点前（33.3%）或课后24小时内（66.7%），高于课后立即评价（0%）和期末评价（0%）。对三个版本教学评价表问卷调查结果显示，改良版教学评价量表的时效性、有效性和易用性为优的比例分别为86.67%，60%和76.67%，均高于现行版的43.33%，60%和46.67%，同时均高于既往版的23.33%，23.33%和36.67%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 改良后的本科生临床医学课堂教学评价量表在时效性、有效性和易用性方面均得以显著提高。通过不断优化量表设计和评价指标，可以提高教学质量评价的科学性和准确性。

Objective: To investigate the changes in timeliness, validity, and usability of the modified classroom teaching evaluation scale for undergraduate clinical medical education. Methods: From September 2018 to September 2019, a cohort comprising 30 fifth-year undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine and stomatology from West China Hospital, Sichuan University, along with three faculty instructors, was enrolled. Three versions of teaching evaluation scales (historical, current, and modified) were implemented in classroom settings, followed by questionnaire-based comparative analyses. The revised scale was systematically assessed for improvements in feedback timeliness, measurement validity, and operational usability. Results: A total of 99 evaluation forms and 33 questionnaires were distributed, with a 100% response rate. Regarding timely feedback acquisition, faculty preferred receiving evaluations by midnight on the teaching day (33.3%) or within 24 hours post-class (66.7%), outperforming immediate

目的 探究改良宫腹腔镜术治疗输卵管积水性不孕症（HAI）的效果。方法 回顾性分析2023年6月～2025年3月本院收治的80例HAI患者资料，依据手术方法不同分为对照组（40例，传统宫腹腔镜术）、观察组（40例，改良宫腹腔镜术）。两组术后均随访12个月。对比两组自然妊娠率、输卵管通畅率、积水复发率、手术指标及住院时间及术后并发症发生率；对比两组术前、术后1d、术后3d的C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）、D-二聚体（D-D）水平。结果 观察组自然妊娠率、输卵管通畅率较对照组高，积水复发率较低（P＜0.05）。两组手术时间、术中出血量对比无差异（P＞0.05）；观察组住院时间较对照组短，并发症较少（P＜0.05）。术后1d、术后3d，两组CRP、PCT、D-D均高于术前，术后3d均低于术后1d，观察组均较对照组低（P＜0.05）。结论 改良宫腹腔镜术可以提高HAI患者的自然妊娠率、输卵管通畅率，降低积水复发率，且能减轻患者的术后炎症及高凝状态，降低并发症发生率，缩短住院时间。

目的 探究改良Miccoli手术治疗单侧甲状腺癌（TC）患者的效果及其对机体创伤应激反应的影响。方法 选取新密市中医院200例单侧TC患者（2021年3月—2023年3月）,按随机数字表法分两组。A组100例接受改良Miccoli手术治疗,B组100例接受开放根治术（OT）治疗。对比两组围术期指标、喉返神经损伤发生情况、美学效果、手术前后肿瘤指标[细胞角蛋白19片段抗原（Cyfra21.1）、半乳糖凝集素3（Gal-3）、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体（sIL-2R）]、创伤应激反应指标[去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素（E）、皮质醇（Cor）]水平。结果 A组切口长度为（2.05±0.13）cm,短于B组的（7.11±0.49）cm,住院及手术用时分别为（3.12±0.44）d、（53.48±7.52）min,均短于B组的（5.22±0.81）d、（76.81±11.39）min,术中失血量、引流量分别为（19.24±2.66）mL、（21.47±3.41）mL,均少于B组的（45.08±5.75）mL、（64.82±7.24）mL,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A组喉返神经损伤总发生率为2.00%（2/100）,低于B组的12.00%（12/100）,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A组美容总满意度为97.00%（97/100）,高于B组的73.00%（73/100）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A组术后3个月血清Cyfra21.1、Gal-3水平分别为（1.78±0.26）ng/mL、（6.14±1.64）ng/mL,均高于B组的（1.55±0.21）ng/mL、（5.39±1.28）ng/mL,血清sIL-2R水平为（375.36±20.12）μg/mL,低于B组的（427.13±23.18）μg/mL,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A组术后1 d血清NE、E、Cor水平分别为（0.73±0.17）mmol/L、（0.49±0.10）mmol/L、（185.46±22.95）μg/L,均低于B组的（0.96±0.19）mmol/L、（0.81±0.22）mmol/L、（272.53±32.41）μg/L,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 相较于OT治疗单侧TC患者,经改良Miccoli手术治疗更有助于提升美学效果,减少喉返神经损伤,优化围术期指标,抑制肿瘤进展,且机体产生的创伤应激反应更轻微。

Objective To investigate the effect of modified Miccoli surgery on patients with unilateral thyroid cancer（TC）and its impact on the body’s traumatic stress response．Methods The data of 200 patients with unilateral TC in Xinmi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into two groups according to different surgical protocols．A hundred patients treated with modified Miccoli surgery were classified as group A and 100 patients treated with open radical surgery（OT）were classified as group B．The perioperative indicators,incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury,aesthetic effect,as well as tumor indicators [cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen（Cyfra21.1）,galectin-3（Gal-3）,soluble interleukin -2 receptor（sIL-2R）] and trauma stress response indicators [norepinephrine（NE）,epinephrine（E）,and cortisol（Cor）] before and after surgery were compared between the two groups．Results The incision length of group A was（2.05±0.13）cm,which was shorter than that of group B [（7.11±0.49）cm]．The duration of hospitalization and operation of group A were（3.12±0.44）d and（53.48±7.52）min,respectively,which were shorter than those of group B [（5.22±0.81）d and（76.81±11.39）min]．The intraoperative blood loss and drainage volume were（19.24±2.66）mL and（21.47±3.41）mL,respectively,which were lower than those in group B [（45.08±5.75）mL and（64.82±7.24）mL],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）．The total incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in group A was 2.00%（2/100）,lower than that in group B [12.00%（12/100）],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）．The total satisfaction of group A was 97.00%（97/100）,higher than that of group B [73.00%（73/100）],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）．Serum Cyfra21.1 and Gal-3 levels in group A were（1.78±0.26）ng/mL and（6.14±1.64）ng/mL,respectively,higher than those in group B [（1.55±0.21）ng/mL and（5.39±1.28）ng/mL]．Serum sIL-2R level was（375.36±20.12）μg/mL,lower than that of group B [（427.13±23.18）μg/mL],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）．The serum levels of NE,E and Cor in group A were（0.73±0.17）mmol/L,（0.49±0.10）mmol/L and（185.46±22.95）μg/L,respectively．They were lower than（0.96±0.19）mmol/L,（0.81±0.22）mmol/L and（272.53±32.41）μg/L in group B,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）．Conclusions Compared to OT treatment for unilateral TC patients,the modified Miccoli surgery is more helpful in improving aesthetic effects,reducing damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve,optimizing perioperative indicators,inhibiting tumor progression,and producing less traumatic stress response to the body．

目的 基于最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、角膜水肿程度对比改良与常规小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼（AACG）的疗效。方法 回顾性收集2021年12月—2023年6月期间信阳爱尔眼科医院收治的112例AACG患者作为研究对象,依据1∶1匹配原则,将接受常规小梁切除术的56例患者作为对照组,接受改良小梁切除术的56例患者作为观察组,统计两组围术期BCVA、眼压、术后浅前房形成状况、角膜水肿程度以及并发症状况。结果 术后3个月,观察组视力为（0.63±0.04）logMAR,高于对照组（0.50±0.03）logMAR,眼压为（16.22±2.28）mmHg,低于对照组（19.95±2.31）mmHg（t=19.457、8.600,均P<0.05）;观察组浅前房发生率为8.93%,低于对照组的26.79%（χ²=6.087,P=0.014）;观察组角膜水肿状况优于对照组（Z=2.737,P=0.006）;观察组脉络膜脱离率、滤道阻塞率、前房积血率、虹膜炎症率依次为1.79%、5.36%、16.07%、10.71%,均低于对照组17.86%、23.21%、32.14%、35.71%（χ²=8.166、7.292、3.953、9.818,均P<0.05）。结论 较常规小梁切除术,改良小梁切除术治疗AACG患者,有助于改善视力、降低眼压、减轻角膜水肿、减少浅前房发生,且安全性较高。

Objective To compare the efficacy of modified and conventional trabeculectomy in the treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma（AACG）based on best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA）and degree of corneal edema．Methods A total of 112 patients with AACG admitted to the hospital during December 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively selected as study objects． According to the 1∶1 matching principle,56 patients receiving conventional trabeculectomy were selected as control group,and 56 patients receiving modified trabeculectomy were selected as observation group．Perioperative BCVA,intraocular pressure,postoperative shallow anterior chamber formation,degree of corneal edema and complications were analyzed．Results At three months postoperatively,visual acuity in the observation group was（0.63±0.04）logMAR,which was higher than that in the control group（0.50±0.03）logMAR,and intraocular pressure was（16.22±2.28）mmHg,which was lower than that in the control group（19.95±2.31）mmHg（t=19.457,8.600,P<0.05）;the incidence of shallow anterior chamber in the observation group was 8.93%,which was lower than that of the control group（26.79%）（χ²=6.087,P=0.014）;the corneal edema status in the observation group was better than that of the control group（Z=2.737,P=0.006）;the rates of choroidal detachment,filtering channel obstruction,hyphema,and iris inflammation in the observation group were 1.79%,5.36%,16.07%,and 10.71%,respectively,which were lower than those of the control group（17.86%,23.21%,32.14%,and 35.71%）（χ²=8.166,7.292,3.953,and 9.818,P<0.05）．Conclusions Compared with conventional trabeculectomy,modified trabeculectomy can improve visual acuity,reduce intraocular pressure,relieve corneal edema,and reduce the occurrence of shallow anterior chamber in patients with AACG,with higher safety．

目的 应用锥形束CT比较改良颈肩体热塑膜和传统颈肩体热塑膜体位固定装置在颈胸段食管癌患者放射治疗中的摆位差异,分析两种固定方式对锁骨上下区摆位误差的影响。方法 分析2021年6月—2022年10月在南京医科大学第一附属医院行放射治疗的29例食管癌患者的临床资料。将患者分为改良颈肩体热塑膜组（改良组）和光板颈肩体热塑膜组（对照组）,对比分析2组病例不同配准区域的摆位误差。结果 改良组在X（左右）方向的平移误差及Rz（冠状面）方向的旋转误差小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。改良组锁骨上下区在X（左右）方向的平移误差以及Rx（矢状面）方向的旋转误差小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。改良组的整体靶区外放范围在X、Y方向上均小于颈肩体组,改良组在锁骨上下区的X方向靶区外放范围也更小。结论 对于颈胸段食管癌需行锁骨上下区放疗的患者,应用改良颈肩体热塑膜可减少平移误差,控制旋转角度,减少靶区外放范围。

Objective To compare the set-up errors between the modified neck-shoulder body thermoplastic film and the traditional neck-shoulder body thermoplastic film fixation device in the radiotherapy of patients with cervical and thoracic esophageal cancer by cone beam CT,and to analyze the influence of the two fixation methods on the positioning error of the upper and lower clavicular region．Methods The clinical data of 29 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent radiotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2021 to October 2022 were analyzed．The patients were divided into two groups：the modified neck-shoulder body thermoplastic film group（the modified group）and the smooth neck-shoulder body thermoplastic film group（the control group）,the positioning errors in different regions of the two groups were compared and analyzed．Results The translation error in the X（left and right）direction and the rotation error in the Rz（coronal plane）direction of the modified group were smaller than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）．The translation error in the X（left and right）direction and the rotation error in the Rx（sagittal plane）direction of the superior and inferior clavicular region in the modified group were smaller than those in the control group,and the differencs were statistically significant（P<0.05）．The overall target area of the modified group was smaller in X and Y directions than that of the neck-shoulder body group,and the target area of the improved group in X direction was also smaller in the upper and lower clavicle area．Conclusions For patients with cervical and thoracic esophageal cancer who need radiotherapy in the upper and lower clavicular region,the application of modified neck shoulder body thermoplastic film can reduce the translation error,control the rotation angle and reduce the external radiation range of the target region．

目的 观察改良直接抽吸取栓术（ADAPT）治疗急性前循环大动脉栓塞性脑卒中的有效性与安全性。方法 回顾性分析2022年3月—2023年2月在广州市第一人民医院采用改良ADAPT治疗急性前循环大动脉栓塞性脑卒中的12例患者临床资料。该改良技术核心是血栓抽吸导管或颅内支持导管管头明确越过血栓后才开始直接使用20 mL的注射器进行手动持续抽吸;所有患者术后依据临床症状和影像表现启动规范抗凝药物治疗,每月门诊随访观察有无再发卒中。结果 12例患者闭塞血管均成功再通,其中改良脑梗死溶栓（mTICI ）2b~2c级3例（25%）,mTICI 3级9例（75%）;从穿刺到血管再通平均时间为37.7 min,首次取栓再通8例（66.7%）,其中颈内动脉闭塞首次取栓再通成功率达80%,出院时平均美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分（9.00±9.22）分,与术前基础NIHSS评分相比,平均下降7分,术后90 d功能恢复良好（mRS评分0~2分）9例（75%）;术后脑出血3例（25%）,其中1例为小点状出血（HI1）而无明显症状、1例为血肿<梗死面积的30%并有轻微占位效应的出血（PH1）恢复良好、1例为血肿>梗死面积的30%并有明显占位效应的出血（PH2）术后自动出院,12例患者筛查病因均发现有心房纤颤,9例患者术后依据临床症状和影像表现在早期开展规范抗凝二级预防管理后无再复发。结论 改良ADAPT是治疗急性大动脉栓塞性脑卒中的一种安全可行选择,血管再通效率高,血栓逃逸概率低、临床疗效良好。对心房纤颤患者实施规范抗凝管理可有效预防脑卒中复发。

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of modified-a direct aspiration first-pass technique（ADAPT）in the treatment of acute anterior circulation aorta embolic stroke．Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with acute anterior circulation arterial embolic stroke treated by modified-ADAPT in our hospital from March 2022 to February 2023 were analyzed retrospectively．The core of the modified technique is that the head of the thrombus aspiration catheter or intracranial support catheter clearly crosses the thrombus before manual continuous suction with a 20 mL syringe．After operation,all patients started standard anticoagulant therapy according to clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations,and monthly outpatient follow-up was conducted to observe whether there was recurrent stroke．Results Occlusive vessels were successfully recanalized in 12 patients,including 3 cases（25%）of mTICI 2b-2c grade and 9 cases（75%）of mTICI 3 grade．The average time from puncture to vascular recanalization was 37.7 min,and the first thrombectomy and recanalization was performed in 8 cases（66.7%）．The success rate of internal carotid artery occlusion was 80%．The average NIHSSS score at discharge was（9.00±9.22）．Compared with the preoperative NIHSS score,the average score decreased by 7 points．90 days after operation,the function recovered well in 9 cases（75%）．Postoperative cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 3 cases（25%）,including 1 case of punctate hemorrhage without obvious symptoms,1 case of good recovery of PH1 and 1 case of automatic discharge after PH2．12 patients were found to have atrial fibrillation after screening,9 patients had no recurrence after anticoagulation secondary prevention management according to clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations．Conclusions Modified-ADAPT is a safe and feasible choice for the treatment of acute arterial embolism stroke,with high recanalization efficiency,low thrombus escape probability and good clinical effect．Standardized anticoagulation management can effectively prevent the recurrence of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation．

目的 比较改良包皮环切缝合器法(缝合器组)与传统包皮环切法(传统手术组)治疗包皮过长及包茎的临床疗效。方法 分析本专科近2年收治的300例手术患者(缝合器组209例,传统手术组91例)。对比手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛、术后排尿情况、愈合后外观满意度。采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估术后疼痛。结果 缝合器组手术时间为(5.41±1.39)min,术中出血量(2.41±1.66)mL,术后疼痛评分(3.59±0.89)分, 切口愈合时间(7.36±1.33)d。传统手术组手术时间为(33.96±2.62)min。术中出血量(15.40±3.66)mL,术后疼痛评分(4.76±1.17)分, 切口愈合时间(8.15±2.13)d。缝合器组在手术时间、出血量、术后疼痛评分、切口愈合时间、愈合后外观方面均优于传统手术组(P<0.05),且疼痛主要在术后6 h内。而术后出血、血肿发生率两组相近。上述并发症分别经血肿清除、切口再缝合、加压包扎及口服抗炎消肿药物等处理后愈合。术后1月内缝合钉未脱落18例(8.61%),返院人工去除。两组均未出现切口裂开,包皮口狭窄。结论 一次性包皮环切缝合器行包皮环切术具有创伤小、痛苦小、并发症少、安全性高、外观整齐美观等优点,但也要掌握手术关键环节的技巧以减少并发症的发生。

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of modified disposable circumcision stapler and conventional circumcision in the treatment of redundant prepuce. Methods 300 patients with redundant prepuce or phimosis from May 2014 to May 2016 with who underwent modified disposable circumcision stapler (n=209) or traditional circumcision (n=91) were reviewed retrospectively. Comparisons were made between the two groups in the operation time, blood loss, postoperative pain score, time of wound healing, post-circumcision bleeding and postoperative satisfaction with penile appearance. Results The disposable circumcision stapler group showed great advantages over the traditional circumcision group in mean operation time, blood loss, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, time to wound healing and postoperative satisfaction with the penile appearance (P<0.05). However, there were no significant difference in post-circumcision bleeding, and other complications (P>0.05). Conclusion The disposable circumcision stapler is of convenience, safety and efficacy with shorter operation time, less pain and less complication. However, we should improve operative skills and avoid postoperative complications.

目的 利用新的分型方法指导现有的微创技术下内固定的选择,提示预后,帮助制定术后康复计划。方法 将200例患者随机分成两组,一组为旧Evans分型组,另一组为改良Evans分型组,通过多层螺旋三维CT重建引导下改良Evans分型,对三个重点区域(股骨内距、头颈部及粗隆外侧入针点部位)的CT成像,利用多平面重组(MPR)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)及容积再现(VR)等多种后处理,分析骨折线走形、局部的微骨折、骨小梁分布、骨皮质厚度的骨折部内环境变化。简化整合到Evans分型中。来实现完善影像分型,有效地指导微创手术。对比两组患者的疗效。结果 新Evans分型组98例患者愈合良好,时间为9~17周,中位数为11.2周。其中伤口感染3例,髋关节内翻畸形3例,骨骨头坏死3例,按照髋关节治疗标准评分,优53例,良31例,可9例,差7例。优良率(包括优和良)为84%。旧Evans分型组80例患者愈合良好,时间为9~18周,中位数为11.8周。其中伤口感染10例,髋关节内翻畸形5例,股骨头坏死8例,按照髋关节治疗标准评分,优48例,良26例,可10例,差16例。优良率(包括优和良)为74%。两组对比,新Evans分型组优良率明显高于旧Evans分型组,差异有统计学意义。P＜0.05。结论 多层螺旋三维CT重建引导下的改良Evans分型对老年脆骨性粗隆间骨折的微创治疗有重要的临床指导意义。