临床护理

凶险性前置胎盘患者基于优质护理模式实施干预对胎盘恢复及胎儿影响

Plancenta recovery and fetus safety under high quality nursing for dangerous placenta previa cases

:109-111
 
目的 探讨优质护理模式干预对凶险性前置胎盘患者胎盘恢复及胎儿的影响。方法 选取2015年3月—2017年6月我院妇产科收治的凶险性前置胎盘患者80例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各40例,分别实施常规护理及优质护理模式干预,对比分析两组患者护理干预效果。结果 观察组患者术后大出血及感染总并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者产前、产后总出血量低于对照组,同时新生儿Apgar评分高于对照组,其差异比较均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 在凶险性前置胎盘患者中实施优质护理模式干预对胎盘恢复效果更显著于常规护理,同时改善新生儿健康情况。
临床护理

快速康复外科理念在膀胱癌根治加回肠膀胱术后护理的研究

Postoperative nursing of rapid recovery after surgery in bladder cancer radical operation combined ileum bladder operation

:106-108
 
目的 探讨快速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)理念在膀胱癌根治加回肠膀胱术后护理的有效性和安全性。方法 分析我院2012年1月—2016年12月行膀胱癌根治加回肠膀胱术的患者共98例,其中ERAS组47例,传统组51例。比较两组术后伤口感染率、出血率、吻合口瘘率、肺部感染率及术后住院日等指标。结果 两组患者的伤口感染率、出血率、吻合口瘘率无差异,ERAS组的肺部感染率4.26%低于传统组21.57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERAS组的术后住院日短于对照组[(8.53±1.82)vs (13.21±2.16)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERAS组的30天内再入院率6.38%低于传统组19.61%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的非计划再次手术率无统计学差异。结论 快速康复外科理念应用在膀胱癌根治加回肠膀胱术后护理是有效和安全的,ERAS能减少术后并发症及缩短术后住院日。
论著

功能锻炼和心理护理对中风后肩手综合征老年患者功能康复的分析

Analysis on functional exercise and psychological nursing for the elderly patients with post-stroke shoulder hand syndrome

:68-70
 
目的 观察和研究功能锻炼和心理护理对中风后肩手综合征老年患者功能康复的影响,以及对运动功能、日常生活活动能力的影响。方法 选取2015年6月—2017年2月收治的中风后肩手综合征老年患者60例为研究对象,随机法分为干预组与对照组,各30例。干预组在给予内科常规治疗及护理的同时,采用功能锻炼心理干预等方法进行处理;对照组仅进行内科的常规治疗及护理。运动功能则采用Fugl-Meyer评分法(FMA)进行评分,而日常生活活动能力采用改良Barthel指数(MBI)进行评分。并比较两组患者干预前后焦虑、抑郁水平。结果 干预组FMA评分以及MBI评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后干预组患者焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 采用功能锻炼和心理护理能提高中风后偏瘫患者的运动功能以及日常生活活动能力,缓解或消除患者焦虑抑郁等负性情绪,效果明显,值得推广应用。
Objective To observe and study of functional exercise and psychological nursing for stroke shoulder hand syndrome after the influence of the elderly patients with functional rehabilitation, and the influence on motor function and ability of daily life activities. Methods 60 cases of elderly patients with apoplexy after apoplexy were selected from June 2015 to February 2017. They randomly were divided into two groups: intervention group and control group, each with 30 cases. The intervention group was treated with functional exercise psychological intervention with giving routine treatment and nursing care as the same time. The control group only conducted routine treatment and nursing care. The exercise function was rated by the Fugl-Meyer scoring method (FMA), while the improved Barthel index (MBI) was used to score the daily activities. The anxiety and depression levels were compared between the two groups. Results The FMA score of the intervention group and MBI score were higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The anxiety and depression scores of the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusion The functional exercise and psychological care may improve movement function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke, and daily life activities ability, alleviate or eliminate negative emotions, including anxiety depression. It is worth promoting.
临床护理

红外线照射联合中药穴位贴敷在骨外科护理中的应用

Application of infrared ray combined with TCM point application therapy in bone surgery nursing

:99-101
 
目的 探讨红外线照射联合中药穴位贴敷在骨外科术后护理工作中的应用。方法 选择2014年2月—2015年6月我院收治的120例骨外科手术治疗患者,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组各60例;两组患者均给予饮食、心理、排便训练等常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予中药穴位贴敷联合红外线照射综合护理,比较两组患者术后自主排便功能恢复情况,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)与汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评估患者干预前后心理状态,于术后不同时间采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)对患者的疼痛情况进行评定,记录患者住院时间及下肢深静脉血栓发生情况。结果 术后观察组自主排便恢复情况(88.3%)高于对照组(73.3%)(χ2=4.357,P<0.05),观察组自主排便恢复时间低于对照组(t=5.422,P<0.05);术后5、30 d两组患者HAMD和HAMA评分均性降低(P<0.05),观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);术后5、10、20 d观察组患者疼痛评分比对照组降低(P<0.05);观察组患者住院时间少于对照组(P<0.05),观察组下肢深静脉栓发生率1.7%低于对照组6.7%,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 红外线照射联合中药穴位贴敷可改善骨外科手术术后患者自主排便功能,降低患者心理压力,促进手术后恢复。
论著

鼻—空肠营养管在小儿急性胰腺炎中的疗效观察及护理

Observation on the clinical efficiency of nasal jejunal nutrition and nursing in children with acute pancreatitis

:55-56
 
目的 探讨鼻—空肠营养管在小儿急性胰腺炎中的疗效观察及护理。方法 采用回顾性分析法,选取2013年2月—2015年5月期间我院收治的116例急性胰腺炎患儿的临床资料,按照营养支持方法的不同将患儿分为对照组和观察组,每组58例。对照组患儿肠功能恢复后给予经口进食,观察组给予鼻—空肠营养管进行营养支持;并给予患儿针对性的护理措施。比较分析两组患儿的治疗效果。结果 观察组患儿平均住院时间、平均花费、并发症发生率、手术率及死亡率等指标均低于对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论 鼻—空肠营养管应用于小儿急性胰腺炎具有较好的效果,降低患儿并发症发生率、手术发生率,缩短住院时间,减少住院消费,促进患儿康复。
Objective To observe the clinical efficiency of nasal jejunal nutrition in children with acute pancreatitis and explore the effective nursing. Methods The clinical characteristics of 116 children with acute pancreatitis from February 2013 to May 2015 in our medical center were retrospectively analyzed. Based on nutritional support, the patients were divided into two groups: the control group consisted of 58 patients receiving oral feeding after the recovery of bowel function, and the experiment group consisted of 58 patients with nasal jejunal nutrition. And all the patients were treated with special care on case-by-case. The efficiency was then compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the length of hospital stay, cost of care, the incidence of complications, the surgical proportion and the mortality were significantly decreased in the experiment group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the children with acute pancreatitis, application of nasal jejunal nutrition is more effective, leading to decrease incidences of complications and surgical proportion, shorten the length of hospital stay, reduce patients' cost, and finally help rehabilitation.
临床护理

品管圈活动在提高腔镜肾癌术后护理流程管理中的应用

Application of QCC in improving post operation nursing process management of laparoscopic renal cell carcinoma surgery

:98-99
 
目的 探讨分析品管圈在提高腔镜肾癌术后护理流程管理中的应用,以提高肾癌术后患者的存活率也避免术后并发症出现。方法 对我院肾癌术后护理流程管理的现状进行分析,并将目前我院在肾癌术后护理流程管理当中出现的问题进行分析探讨和总结,并制定出详细的工作目标拟定可行的工作计划,并组织人员进行实施,并将实施之后的结果与预期的结果进行对比分析总结。结果 在实施了品管圈活动之后,我院对腔镜肾癌术后护理流程的管理得到了显著的提升,其中人员操作不规范的发生率由实施活动之前的13.2%(5/38)减低到了5.3%(2/38),同时患者发生术后并发症的例数也由之前的7例降低到了3例,结果对比较之前的差异有统计学意义。结论 使用品管圈活动不仅能够有效的提高对腔镜肾癌术后护理流程管理中的效力,而且还能够减少患者术后并发症的发生几率。
临床护理

运用目标管理法优化妇科病人的临床护理路径

Optimization for Clinical Care Pathway in Gynecology by Using Management of Objectives

:96-97
 
目的 探讨运用目标管理法优化妇科病人的临床护理路径的应用效果。方法 采用历史对照研究,以腹腔镜子宫切除术病人作为研究对象,将2014年1月—2014年12月采用临床护理路径的98例病人作为对照组;2015年1月—2015年12月运用目标管理法优化临床护理路径的105例病人作为研究组,比较两组护理缺陷发生情况、病人满意度、住院时间和住院费用。结果 研究组健康知识知晓水平高于对照组,术后首次功能锻炼时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组护理缺陷发生率为3.81%,对照组发生率为14.29%(P<0.05)。研究组对健康教育和基础护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 目标管理法优化的临床护理路径可使各项操作更加规范细化,提高工作质量,减少护理缺陷,护理质量有一定程度的提高,同时对病人满意度的提高有积极的促进作用。
临床护理

家庭访视护理结合中医体质辨识在居民健康管理中的应用研究

Study of home visits nursing combined with constitution of TCM identification in Residents' health management

:94-95
 
目的 探讨应用家庭访视护理与中医体质辨识相结合的方式提高居民健康管理能力,改善居民体质。方法 随机抽取广州市越秀区某社区的128例居民为研究对象,通过体检和中医体质辨识了解居民健康状况,责任护士开展家庭访视护理和具有中医特色的干预措施,通过干预前、后研究对象的中医体质量化计分、生存质量变化和健康知识共3个方面评价项目效果。结果 中医体质平和质得分显著升高,气虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质共5种偏颇体质的得分均降低(P<0.05),阳虚质、阴虚质、特禀质3种体质的得分差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。简明健康状况调查问卷评分(MOS SF-36)在PCS领域和MCS领域的生命质量得分比干预前增高(P<0. 05)。健康教育知识在中医保健养生、慢性疾病防治、药物使用规范以及家庭护理知识评分有提高(P<0. 05)。结论 家庭访视护理结合中医体质调理措施可以拉近居民与医护人员距离,增强居民健康管理观念和能力,促进居民关注自身体质状况,达到“未病先防”的效果。
论著

麻醉深度监测对麻醉恢复室护理工作的影响

Effect of anesthesia depth monitoring on the nursing quality of patients in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU)

:36-38
 
目的 研究术中麻醉深度监测在全麻下行下腹部手术患者苏醒质量和护理工作应用。方法 选取择期全麻下行下腹部手术患者120例(ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级),随机分成NT组和NNT组,NT组患者(60)术中用Narcotrend监测,NNT组患者(60)术中不用Narcotrend监测。记录术中丙泊酚用量;记录术后气管导管拔管时间和麻醉恢复室(postanesthesia care unit, PACU)留观时间;记录恢复室Ricker镇静—躁动评分;记录恶心呕吐及术后谵妄的发生率。结果 NT组患者术中麻醉药物丙泊酚的用量比NNT组明显减少(P<0.05);NT组患者术后的拔管时间与PACU留观时间比NNT明显缩短(P<0.05);NT组患者术后的Ricker 镇静-躁动评分比NNT明显降低(P<0.05);NT组患者与NNT组术后恶心呕吐及术后谵妄发生率无明显差别。NT组比NNT组降低了护理工作量(P<0.05)。结论 在麻醉深度监测仪Narcotrend下行下腹部手术,通过有效的麻醉深度监测,可以改善患者术后的苏醒质量,这些有利于减少PACU护理工作量,提高了护理质量,也有助于PACU护理规范化。
Objective To investigate the effect of anesthesia depth monitoring on the recovery quality and nursing quality of patients treated with lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 120 patients who underwent the lower abdominal surgeries from June 2015 to December 2015 were randomly divided into 2 groups: non-Narcotrend monitoring group (non NT group) and Narcotrend monitoring group (NT group). And each group contains 60 cases. All patients were set in the same induce plan, and maintained by propofol-fentanyl during the operation. The dosage of propofol, the time of tracheal extubation, the PACU staying time, the Ricker sedation-agitation scale, the incidence of PONV and POD, the nursing quality and nursing working load were recorded in the project. Results Using Narcotrend to monitor the anesthesia depth could significantly decrease the dosage of propofol (P<0.05). The tracheal extubation time and the PACU staying time of patients in NT group were much shortened than patients in non NT group (P<0.05). In NT group the Ricker scores of patients were much lower than patients in non NT group (P<0.05). And the effective anesthesia depth monitoring using Narcotrend could significantly decrease the nursing working load and improve the nursing quality (P<0.05). Conclusion Effective anesthesia depth monitoring using Narcotrend may improve the recovery quality in the PACU, which may decrease the working load of nurses and improve the nursing quality in PACU.
临床护理

优质护理对大面积烧伤患者创面换药时疼痛及不良情绪的影响

Effect of High Quality Nursing on Pain and Unhealthy Emotions of Patients with Large Area Burn Wound during Wound Dressing

:101-102
 
目的 探讨优质护理对大面积烧伤患者创面换药时对疼痛及不良情绪的影响。方法 收集我院大面积烧伤的患者,分为研究组和对照组。两组基础护理相同,研究组加用优质护理。对比两组护理前护理4周时焦虑评分,以及两组护理前、护理4周时创面换药时的疼痛评分。结果 ①研究组和对照组护理前焦虑评分结果比较无差异;研究组和对照组护理4周焦虑评分结果比较有差异。②研究组和对照组护理前创面换药时的疼痛评分结果比较无差异;研究组和对照组护理4周创面换药时的疼痛评分结果比较有差异。结论 本次研究认为通过优质护理能够明显提高大面积烧伤患者创面换药时的疼痛程度,对减少住院期间焦虑不良情绪有重要的意义。
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