肿瘤免疫治疗是指利用人体的免疫机制,通过主动或被动的方法增强患者免疫功能,达到杀伤肿瘤细胞的目的。嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）作为肿瘤免疫治疗的新型精准靶向疗法,近几年通过优化和改良已成功应用于多种血液肿瘤的治疗,是目前恶性肿瘤治疗中最有潜力的疗法之一。但由于实体瘤中存在显著的异质性和复杂的肿瘤免疫微环境,CAR-T在实体瘤中的应用仍面临诸多挑战。本文将对目前 CAR-T 细胞治疗实体瘤的研究成果、现存挑战及相应的优化策略进行综述,以期为后续 CAR-T 细胞治疗实体肿瘤研究提供参考。

Tumor immunotherapy is the process of enhancing patients’ immune system through active or passive methods to achieve the goal of eliminating tumor cells．Through optimization and modification,chimeric antigen receptor T cells（CAR-T）,a novel precise targeted therapy of cancer immunotherapy,have been successfully used in the treatment of several hematological malignancies in recent years．CAR-T is considered as one of the most promising therapies for the treatment of malignant tumors at the moment．However,application of CAR-T in solid tumors still confronts several difficulties due to the high heterogeneity and intricate tumor immune microenvironment．To serve as a reference for future CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors,the present research findings,current difficulties and associated optimization techniques are reviewed in this paper．