非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是世界范围内慢性肝病的一个主要原因,约15%的NAFLD患者会发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化甚至肝癌。目前其发病及进展机制尚未明确,也无有效治疗手段。因此,构建临床前NAFLD动物模型至关重要,有助于为NAFLD提供临床治疗的新方案。本文将系统分析目前已构建的NAFLD动物模型在临床前研究中的局限性,并重点总结和综述基于基因编辑在NAFLD动物模型构建中的应用及研究进展,这对于探讨NAFLD发病机制及新药研发具有重要的临床意义。

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and about 15% of NAFLD patients will develop into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the biological mechanism of the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD is not fully understood, and there are still no effective or targeted therapies for NAFLD. Therefore, it is an urgent need to construct pre-clinical animal models of NAFLD, which will help to better understand and explore the potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of NAFLD. Here, we summarize the recent advances and limitations of the established animal models of NAFLD and focus on the potential application and research progress of genome editing for constructing the animal models of NAFLD. There animal models will be very useful to reveal the pathologic mechanism of human NAFLD, and to screen new therapeutic drugs.

目的 构建靶向CXCR7基因的CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑系统,并应用于HEK 293T细胞系。方法 设计两对靶向CXCR7基因的sgRNAs,分别插入PX458载体中,并转化DH5α大肠埃希菌。经菌液PCR和测序验证,挑选序列正确的sgRNA-CXCR7-PX458质粒,转染HEK 293T细胞,用流式分选转染阳性细胞,提取其DNA,PCR扩增后测序验证。结果 经测序验证,成功构建了靶向CXCR7基因的CRISPR/Cas9系统,转染HEK 293T细胞后,测序鉴定发现成功编辑CXCR7基因。结论 成功构建了靶向CXCR7的sgRNA-CXCR7-PX458质粒,可在HEK 293T上成功编辑CXCR7基因,为进一步的功能研究奠定基础。

Objective To construct the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system targeting C-X-C chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) gene and to edit CXCR7 gene in 293T cell line. Methods Two pairs of small guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting CXCR7 gene were designed and inserted into PX458 vector, which were transformed into host bacterium Escherichia coliDH5α. The correct sgRNA-CXCR7-PX458 plasmids were selected by PCR and further Sanger sequencing verification. HEK 293T cell line was transfected by DNA of sgRNA-CXCR7-PX458 plasmid. After 72 hours,GFP-positive cells were sorted by flow cytometry. We did DNA extraction of the GFP-positive cells and amplified the CXCR7 gene corresponding fragment by PCR and investigated the CXCR7 gene editing results by Sanger sequencing. Results The CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting CXCR7 gene was successfully constructed. After 293T cells were transfected, the CXCR7 gene was edited in HEK 293T cells successfully. Conclusion The sgRNA-CXCR7-PX458 plasmid targeting CXCR7 gene was successfully constructed. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system targeting CXCR7 gene were used on the HEK 293T cell line, which lays a foundation for further study of BCOR function.