目的 探讨腰椎间盘手术护理路径对经皮椎管成型下腰椎间盘摘除手术患者腰腿功能康复效果。方法 选择2018年1月—2019年11月住院进行经皮椎管成型下腰椎间盘摘除手术患者60例,按住院时间先后分为对照组和实验组各30例,对照组患者术后按椎间盘摘除手术给患者进行病情观察、腰腿功能康复锻炼、腰围配戴和康复护理知识宣教等护理;实验组患者在实施对照组护理措施基础上按腰椎间盘手术护理路径对患者进行有计划的康复护理知识宣教,按制定的康复护理路径对患者进行个性化康复活动训练指导。术后1周和出院时分别对患者掌握康复护理训练知识、腰椎功能障碍指数(ODI)、服务满意度进行评价。结果 实验组患者在术后首次进行康复训练时间早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000 4);掌握康复护理知识得分实验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002 3);掌握康复训练活动实验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腰椎功能障碍指数(ODI)实验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理服务满意度实验组高于对照组,结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 椎间盘手术护理路径能促进患者早期进行康复训练,提高患者对腰椎间盘术后康复护理知识和康复训练技能的掌握,降低患者腰椎功能障碍指数,促进术后患者机体功能的康复。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing path of lumbar disc operation on the rehabilitation of lumbar and leg function in patients undergoing percutaneous laminoplasty. Methods From January 2018 to November 2019, 60 patients who were hospitalized for percutaneous laminoplasty were divided into the control group and the experimental group with 30 patients in each group according to the length of stay. The patients in the control group were given nursing care including condition observation, waist and leg function rehabilitation exercise, waist circumference wearing and rehabilitation nursing knowledge propaganda and education after the operation. On the basis of the nursing measures of the control group, patients in the experimental group received the planned rehabilitation nursing knowledge education according to the nursing path of lumbar disc operation, and individualized rehabilitation activity training guidance according to the established rehabilitation nursing path. One week after the operation and at the time of discharge, the patients' mastery of rehabilitation nursing training knowledge, lumbar dysfunction index (ODI) and service satisfaction were evaluated. Results The first time of rehabilitation training in the experimental group was earlier than that in the control group, the results were statistically significant (P=0.000 4); the score of mastering rehabilitation nursing knowledge in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, the results were statistically significant (P=0.002 3); the experimental group of mastering rehabilitation training activities was higher than that in the control group, the results were statistically significant (P<0.05); lumbar dysfunction index ODI in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, the results were statistically significant (P<0.05); the satisfaction of nursing service in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, the results were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The nursing path of lumbar disc surgery can promote the early rehabilitation training of patients, improve the mastery of postoperative rehabilitation nursing knowledge and rehabilitation training skills of patients, reduce the lumbar dysfunction index of patients, and promote the rehabilitation of patients' body function.

目的 探讨实习前护理知识技能评价与实习教学目标相结合的临床护理实习培训效果。方法 选择2018年在我科实习的护理本科实习生40名为对照组,采取传统的带班实习带教方法进行临床带教;2019年在我科实习的40名护理本科实习生为实验组,对实习生在实习前进行护理知识和护理操作能力评估,根据实习生专业知识与护理技术的评估结果,结合实习教学目标进行针对性的临床带教;实习结束对两组同学掌握的护理理论知识、护理操作技术、服务满意度进行评价。结果 实验组掌握的护理知识、护理操作技术得分均高于对照组,两组结果比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);服务满意度评价实验组高于对照组,两组结果比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);结论 开展实习前护理专业能力评价与教学目标相结合的护理临床实习培训模式管理,有助于带教老师掌握实习生存在的护理知识缺乏和护理技术薄弱问题,利于带教老师制定合理的实习带教计划和带教重点,提高学生临床实习效果和老师的带教质量。

Objective To explore the effect of clinical nursing practice training combined with the evaluation of nursing knowledge and skills and teaching objectives before practice. Methods 40 nursing undergraduates who practiced in our department in 2018 were selected as the control group, and the traditional method of clinical teaching was adopted; 40 nursing undergraduates who practiced in 2019 were selected as the experimental group to evaluate the nursing knowledge and nursing operation ability of the interns before the practice, according to the evaluation results of professional knowledge and nursing technology of the interns, combined with the practice teaching at the end of the internship. The students in the two groups were evaluated on their theoretical knowledge, nursing operation technology and service satisfaction. Results The scores of nursing knowledge and nursing operation technology in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the results of the two groups were statistically significance (P<0.001); the evaluation of service satisfaction in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the results of the two groups were statistically significance (P<0.05); Conclusion To carry out the management of nursing clinical practice training mode combining the evaluation of nursing professional ability with teaching objectives before practice is helpful for the teachers to find out problems of lack of nursing knowledge and weak nursing technology existing in the interns. It helps the teachers to formulate reasonable practice teaching plan and key points, and improves the effect of students' clinical practice and the quality of teaching.

目的 探讨中药熏洗与膝关节自我锻炼管理对改善老年骨性膝关节炎功能康复效果。方法 选择90例在本院就诊的老年骨性关节炎患者,按数字表法分为观察组和对照组各45例,对照组采用膝关节康复护理知识教育、膝部中药熏洗与揉搓按摩等治疗,观察组在此治疗护理上加强对患者进行膝关节功能训炼和自我活动行为管理;随访6周,评价两组患者膝关节肿胀、疼痛、训练依从性、膝关节功能。结果 膝关节疼痛缓解、肿胀消退观察组优于对照组;膝关节功能康复效果观察组优于对照组,活动训练依从性观察组高于对照组。结论 应用中药熏洗与加强患者膝关节自我活动训炼管理,可缓解膝关节疼痛、减轻膝关节肿胀,改善患者膝关节功能,提高患者自我功能训练的依从性和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and knee joint exercise management on the rehabilitation of senile osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods 90 cases in our hospital for treatment of senile osteoarthritis were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 45 cases in each group, the control group used the knee joint rehabilitation nursing knowledge education, herbal fumigation and massage knee treatment; the observation group on the treatment and nursingwith strengthening the function of knee joint training and self behavior management for the patients; 6 weeks of follow-up, we have evaluation of two groups of patients with knee joint swelling, pain, and knee joint function training compliance. Results The knee joint pain, swelling, knee joint function rehabilitation effect in the observation group were better than that of control group; training compliance in the observation group was better than that of control group. Conclusion The application of herbal fumigation and strengthen the self training of patients with knee joint activity management, may relieve the pain of knee joint, swelling and improve knee function. Theirtraining compliance and quality of life have been increased.

目的 探讨康复护理路径早期功能训练对桡骨远端骨折LCP(锁定加压接骨板locking compression plate, LCP)内固定术后患者腕关节功能康复的影响。方法 对2014年5月—2016年6月住院80例桡骨远端骨折LCP 内固定术后患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例,对照组按桡骨远端LCP内固定术后护理措施进行护理,观察组患者在此护理基础上,制定术后功能康复护理路径,按功能康复护理路径对术后患者实施早期功能康复训练,随访评价两组患者患肢的组织肿胀、疼痛、骨折复位和腕关节功能康复效果。结果 疼痛评分:对照组在术后第3天~14天疼痛评分均高于观察组(P＜0.005);肿胀程度评分:对照组在术后第3天~7天肿胀程度评分均高于观察组,消肿速度比观察组慢(P＜0.001);腕关节的屈伸活动范围、握力和捏力比较观察组优于对照组(P＜0.001);腕关节复位优良率观察组95%高于对照组87.5%(P＜0.001)。结论 应用康复护理路径对桡骨远端骨折的LCP内固定术后患者进行早期腕关节功能康复训练,能减轻患者疼痛和局部软组织肿胀,减少并发症,提高术后患者康复质量。

Objective To investigate the early functional training of rehabilitation nursing path to the effects of distal radius fracture LCP (locking compression plate LCP) in patients after internal fixation of wrist joint function rehabilitation. Methods From May 2014 to June 2016, 80 patients with distal radius fractures were divided into control group and observation group(n=LCP), each with 40 cases. The control group was treated with nursing care of patients with distal radius LCP internal fixation. On the basis of nursing, the patients in the observation group were given rehabilitation nursing pathway, and the patients were followed up according to the rehabilitation path including evaluation of two groups of patients with fracture limb swelling, pain, fracture reduction and wrist joint function rehabilitation. Results Pain score: in the third days to fourteenth days pain score of the control group was higher than the observation group (P<0.005); Swelling degree score: swelling scores of the control group for the third days to seventh days after were higher than those in the observation group, the swelling reduced slowly (P<0.001); The wrist flexion range, grip and pinch strength compared to the observation group was better than the control group (P<0.001); The good rate of wrist joint reduction in the observation group (95%) was higher than that in the control group[(87.5%) (P<0.001)]. Conclusion The application of rehabilitation nursing path for patients with distal radius fracture after LCP internal fixation for early rehabilitation of wrist function may reduce the pain and local soft tissue swelling, reduce complications and improve the quality of postoperative rehabilitation.

目的 探讨个体化健康管理对超高龄结直肠癌患者希望水平的影响效果。方法 对66例超高龄结直肠癌患者实施个体化健康管理,3个月后对患者进行希望水平、肛门括约肌功能、生活质量的测评。结果 3个月后患者排便功能恢复良好的达90.91%,与出院前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);3个月后患者HHI各维度和SF-36各维度的得分明显提高,与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 对超高龄结直肠癌患者实施个体化健康管理,可提高其生存希望水平,改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of individualized health management on the hope level of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Methods Using individualized health management for 66 elderly patients with colorectal cancer for 3 months, the level of hope, anal sphincter function and quality of life were evaluated. Results After 3 months, the defecation function of the patients recovered well to reach 90.91%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01); After 3 months, the scores of each dimension of Herth Hope Index (HHI) and SF-36 were significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion The implementation of individualized health management for the elderly patients with colorectal cancer may improve the survival level and improve the quality of life.

目的 探讨信息预警系统在住院患者压疮风险管理中的运用。方法 应用描述性分析,χ²检验和t检验方法,对实施信息预警系统前后的院内压疮发生率、压疮护理质量管理指标以及使用纸质版和电子版Waterlow量表评估患者压疮危险的平均时间进行比较。结果 试行信息预警系统后,院内压疮发生率下降至0.11‰;护士对压疮危险患者评估率、动态评估率和预防压疮措施落实率都明显升高;护士使用电子版Waterlow量表评估患者压疮危险耗时显著减少。结论 信息预警系统在住院患者压疮风险管理中起到重要作用,为临床护理和护理管理提供了良好的工具,保障患者安全。

Objective To explore the application of risk management information system in the inpatients' risk management of pressure ulcers (PUrs). Methods A descriptive analysis, Chi-square test and T-test were used to analyze the incidence of inpatients' PUrs and indicators of the nursing quality control before and after applying the risk management information system. Results After using this information system, incidence of PUrs decreased to 0.11‰ . Rate of registered nurses' assessment on inpatients' with PUrs risk and dynamically assessment rose obviously. The rate of prevention of PUrs went up as well. The mean time to assess inpatients' PUrs risk with electronic Waterlow scale was significantly less than the mean time of paper Waterlow scale. Conclusion The risk management information system played a vital role in the inpatients' PUrs risk management. It could provide an effective tool for the clinical nursing's quality control, improve registered nurses' efficiency and protect inpatients'safety.

目的 观察康复路径在髋关节置换术后的临床应用效果,探讨其临床应用价值 。方法 将广州市第一人民医院2014年10月—2015年10月收治行髋关节置换术患者100例为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组各50例。对照组采取常规围手术期护理,观察组按照康复路径护理,比较两组患者术后并发症、住院时间、费用、患肢功能以及日常生活自理能力。结果 观察组住院时间和住院费用均少于对照组(P<0.01);两组术后并发症发生率、患肢功能评分及日常生活自理能力比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01 )。结论 康复计划护理用于髋关节置换术后效果显著,可明显降低患者术后并发症,缩短住院时间,降低住院费用,有利于促进患者术后功能以及自理能力的恢复。

Objective To observe the effect of clinical application of rehabilitation in the path of a hip replacement, and to explore its clinical application value. Methods October 2014 to October 2015 in Guangzhou First People's Hospitalhip arthroplasty cases werecollected of 100 patients as the research object, randomly divided into control group and observation group with 50 cases in each group. The control group adopted conventional perioperation period nursing care, observation group in accordance with the recovery paths. We compared two groups of patients complications, hospitalization time, expense, limb function and activities of daily living. Results In the observation group, the hospitalization time and cost of hospitalization were significantly less than that of the control group (P<0.01); The incidence of limb function score, ability of daily living and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Rehabilitation nursing care plans for after hip replacement effect is significant. It can significantly reduce the postoperative complications, shorten the time of hospitalization, reduce hospitalization expenses, and is beneficial to the recovery of the function of promoting postoperative and self-care ability.

目的 探讨体感音乐疗法对青少年视疲劳患者症状缓解的影响。方法 选择青少年视疲劳患者72例,随机分为观察组和对照组各36例,两组患者均给予矫正用眼习惯、多运动、均衡饮食等护理,观察组在此基础上给予体感音乐疗法,3个月后比较两组视疲劳症状缓解情况。结果 干预后观察组视疲劳症状缓解程度及症状评分优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对青少年视疲劳患者实施体感音乐疗法,可起到促进眼部肌肉放松,改善微循环,增强睫状肌收缩力,改善虹膜睫状体调节功能,缓解视疲劳的效果。

Objective To explore the influence of vibroacoustic therapy on visual fatigue teenagers. Methods 72 visual fatigue teenagers were randomly and equally divided into the observation group and the control group. Both groups were accepted nursing in terms of the correction of eye habits, doing more sports and balanced diet, while the observation group was also accepted vibroacoustic therapy. After three months the conditions of these two groups in terms of visual fatigue were compared. Results After the intervention the degree of visual fatigue relief and the score of symptoms in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and these differences have statistic significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion Vibroacoustic therapy can help visual fatigue teenagers to relax muscles of eyes, improve microcirculation, strengthen ciliary muscle contractile force, improve the regulatory function of iris ciliary and relieve visual fatigue.

目的 探讨赛肤润与局部氧疗对新生儿臀红皮肤的疗效,总结防治新生儿臀红的护理方法。方法 选择66例患有臀红的新生儿随机分成对照组和实验组,对照组给予臀部清洁并吸干水分,对潮红及尿液刺激处皮肤涂搽赛肤润处理;实验组在给予臀部清洁,吸干水分,对臀红皮肤行吹氧气治疗5分钟后给潮红及尿液刺激处范围的皮肤涂搽赛肤润,并加强护婴者婴儿臀部护理知识宣教。结果 实验组新生儿臀红处皮肤红斑消退时间比对照组短;实验组新生儿臀红和皮肤红疹发生率比对照组减少18.33%;实验组新生儿臀部皮肤红疹治愈率比对照组高22.61%(P<0.05)。结论 加强臀部护理知识宣教,赛肤润与局部氧疗联合干预在降低新生儿臀红发生率,缩短新生儿臀红消退时间、提高新生儿臀红治愈率比单纯赛肤润治疗效果明显,值得临床推广应用。