目的 对本院老年重症肺炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,为老年重症肺炎多药耐药菌感染的临床诊疗提供参考。方法 回顾性分析本院医院76例老年重症肺炎患者的病例信息,将患者随机分为研究组和对照组,每组38例,研究组患者在对照组基础上(头孢哌酮／舒巴坦)联合胸腺肽α1治疗。研究2组患者的痰液致病菌分布及其临床特点,通过对比2组患者治疗前后免疫功能指标T淋巴细胞CD4⁺及炎症因子超敏C-反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、白介素-6(interleukin-6, IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)水平变化,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦联合胸腺肽α1治疗老年重症肺炎的临床效果进行分析。结果 76例老年重症肺炎患者中,共检出143株病原菌,以不动杆菌属为主的革兰氏阴性菌(89株)为主要致病菌株,占比64.3%,革兰氏阳性菌(54株)以葡萄球菌属为主,占比35.7%;排名前3位的主要致病菌为:铜绿假单胞菌(33.6%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(22.4%)和大肠埃希菌(14.7%)。痰液分离出的致病菌出现了普遍的严重耐药性,主要以多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌为主。2组治疗前 T 淋巴细胞CD4⁺、hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平对比无差异(P＞0.05),治疗后观察组CD4⁺水平更高,而 CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平更低,与对照组有差异(P＜0.05)。结论 老年重症肺炎多药耐药菌重症肺炎检出病原菌主要以铜绿假单胞菌为主,治疗上联合使用胸腺肽α1,能够有效改善患者的免疫抑制状态、减轻老年患者机体炎症反应,对于提高老年患者临床治疗效果及改善患者预后有着重要的临床意义,值得广泛推广。

目的 观察腹腔镜下胆总管切开取石术中胆管一期缝合治疗胆总管结石的临床效果。方法 研究对象选取我院2016年3月—2017年3月术前诊断为胆总管结石且符合纳入标准的患者92例,采用随机法,将其分为一期缝合术组和T管引流术组各46例,两组患者均行腹腔镜下胆总管切开取石术,一期缝合术组行术中胆管一期缝合,T管引流术组行术中胆管T管引流。比较两组手术相关指标,住院时间,住院费用,术后并发症的发生率。结果 一期缝合术组在减少手术出血量、促进切口恢复、预防切口感染的发生率上优于T管引流术组（P < 0.05）;在住院时间、住院费用以及术后并发症的发生率上低于T管引流术组（P < 0.05）。结论 本次研究结果表明腹腔镜下胆总管切开取石术中胆管一期缝合的临床效果优于T管引流,可有效减少手术并发症,缩短病人的住院时间,是治疗胆总管结石理想的选择。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of primary suture in the treatment of common bile duct stones under laparoscopic common bile duct incision. Methods The subjects were enrolled in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2018. 92 patients with choledocholithiasis and met the inclusion criteria, were randomly divided into one-stage suture group and T-tube drainage group. Surgery-related indicators,length of hospital stay,hospitalization costs,and incidence of postoperative complications were compared. Results In the first-stage suture group,the incidence of surgical bleeding reduction,postoperative incision recovery,and prevention of wound infection were better than those in the T-tube drainage group （P < 0.05）. The incidence of hospitalization,hospitalization,and postoperative complications were lower in the first-stage suture group than in the T-tube drainage group（P < 0.05）. Conclusion The clinical effect of one-stage suture in laparoscopic common bile duct incision and stone removal is better than T-tube drainage,which may effectively reduce surgical complications and shorten the hospitalization time of patients. It is an ideal choice for the treatment of common bile duct stones.