目的 探讨苯作业非酒精性脂肪肝工人丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法 190名的苯作业非酒精性脂肪肝工人分为ALT异常组(ALT≥40 U/L)及ALT正常组(ALT＜40 U/L)。ALT异常组再根据ALT水平分为依据ALT水平分为G1组(60例,40 U/L≤ALT＜60 U/L),G2组(40例,60 U/L≤ALT＜80 U/L),G3组(35例, ALT＞80 U/L)。观察各组颈部动脉有否内膜增厚或斑块形成。结果 与ALT异常组颈动脉内膜增厚检出率和颈动脉斑块检出率明高于ALT正常组(P<0.05)。颈动脉内膜增厚检出率和颈动脉斑块检出率与ALT正常组相比较,G1组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05), G2组有统计学意义(P<0.05),G3组有差异(P<0.01)。颈动脉内膜增厚检出率在G1组、G2组和G3组中逐渐增加,并有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G3组颈动脉斑块检出率与G1组比较,有差异(P<0.01)。结论 苯作业非酒精性脂肪肝工人中,血清ALT水平升高与颈动脉粥样硬化密切相关。ALT≥60 U/L的苯作业非酒精性脂肪肝人群更容易患颈动脉粥样硬化,应进行必要的预防和治疗。

Objective To explore the relationship between serum alanine aminotransferase levels(ALT) and carotid atherosclerosis in benzene exposed workers with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods 190 Benzene exposed workers with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were enrolled divided into abnormal ALT group(n=135) and normal ALT group(n=55), the abnormal ALT group was further divided into three groups according to the levels of serum alanine minotransferase (ALT): group1(G1,60 subjects, 40 U/L≤ALT＜60 U/L),group2(G2,40 subjects, 60 U/L≤ALT＜80 U/L),and group3(G3,35 subjects, ALT＞80 U/L),observed if carotid has only thick endomembrane or with plaques. Results The rate of thick endomembrane of carotid and the detection rate of plaque in the abnormal ALT group are higher than those in the normal ALT control group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal ALT control group, no significant different was found in the rate of thick endomembrane of carotid and the detection rate of plaque in G1,but G2 was significantly different(P<0.05),G3 was extremely significantly different(P<0.01). The rate of thick endomembrane of carotid in G1,G2 and G3 increased, among the three groups. There were statistically significant differences in the rate of thick endomembrane of carotid(P<0.05). benzene exposed workers with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in G3 showed extremely statistical differences on the detection rate of plaque compared to those in G1(P <0.01). Conclusion The increased level of ALT in benzene exposed workers with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is closely related to carotid atherosclerosis. The benzene exposed workers with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease whose ALT≥60 U/L are apt to carotid atherosclerosis, should accept the necessary precaution and treatment.

目的 调查广州市在校大学生AIDS相关知识及对HIV感染者态度现状,为学校更有效地开展大学生AIDS健康教育提供依据。方法 采用目的抽样方法,对广州市某高校 1200名在校大学生进行关于AIDS相关知识、态度的问卷调查。结果 不同年级、生源地,AIDS相关知识差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01);多数学生对HIV感染者持积极态度,但仅5.73%的学生愿意与HIV感染者共餐;2.70%愿意与感染HIV的同学同住一个寝室。网络是大学生获取AIDS相关知识的最主要途径。结论 大学生AIDS相关知识知晓率水平较高,但缺乏系统性和全面性;多数学生对HIV感染者持积极态度,但是一旦与自我卷入较深,即表现出对HIV感染者的回避甚至歧视。高校应加强对大学生AIDS健康教育的系统性、全面性和深刻性,以消除对AIDS的心理恐惧,达到对HIV感染者的零歧视。

Objective To investigate the AIDS related knowledge of the Guangzhou undergraduates and the attitudes on HIV infection status, for the school to provide basis for AIDS health education and to carry out AIDS health education during college students more effectively. Methods 1200 college students in a university in Guangzhou were surveyed by a questionnaire on HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes, using the way of purposive of sampling. Results There was statistical significant difference on the AIDS-related knowledge in the different grades and origin of students (P<0.01). The majority of students has a positive attitude to the HIV-infected, but only 5.73% of them wer willing to share a meal with HIV-infected persons, and 2.70% of them were willing to live with HIV-infected. The network is the most important way to access to HIV/AIDS related knowledge for college students. Conclusion The level awareness during college student on AIDS-related knowledge is high, but lack of systematic and comprehensive. The majority of students had a positive attitude towards the HIV-infetected, however once self-involved, they may avoid even discriminate the HIV-infected individuals. Therefore, the universities should strengthen AIDS health education of college students comprehensively and profoundly, in order to eliminate fear of AIDS, and reached zero discrimination HIV-infected persons in the future.