目的 探讨尿液前列腺特异性抗原（u-PSA）预测老年良性前列腺增生（BPH）发生急性尿潴留（AUR）的价值。方法 选取东莞市中医院100例老年BPH患者（2020年1月—2021年4月）进行回顾性研究,均口服盐酸坦索罗辛+非那雄胺片治疗,随访1年,记录AUR发生情况,据此分为AUR组、非AUR组。比较2组一般资料,Logistic回归模型分析老年BPH发生AUR的危险因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）分析前列腺体积（PV）、u-PSA对老年BPH发生AUR的预测价值。结果 100例老年BPH患者AUR发生率为26%;AUR组u-PSA水平高于非AUR组,PV大于非AUR组（P<0.05）;Logistic回归模型分析,u-PSA水平及PV增高是老年BPH患者发生AUR的独立危险因素（P<0.05）;ROC曲线分析,u-PSA预测AUR的AUC=0.897,高于AUC_PV（P<0.05）。结论 u-PSA可作为老年BPH继发AUR的量化评估指标,有利于临床早期筛查、诊断,采取针对性干预措施,改善预后。

Objective To investigate the value of urinary prostate-specific antigen（u-PSA）in predicting acute urinary retention（AUR）in elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia（BPH）．Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with BPH in our hospital（from January 2020 to April 2021）were selected for a retrospective study,all of whom were treated with oral tamsulosin hydrochloride + finasteride tablets,followed up for 1 year,and the occurrence of AUR was recorded．The patients were divided into AUR group and non-AUR group．The general data of the two groups were compared．Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of AUR in elderly BPH patients,and receiver operating characteristic（ROC）was used to analyze the predictive value of prostate volume（PV）and u-PSA for AUR occurrence．Results The incidence of AUR in 100 elderly patients with BPH was 26%;the level of u-PSA in the AUR group was higher than that in the non-AUR group,and the PV was greater than that in the non-AUR group（P<0.05）．Increased PV was an independent risk factor for AUR in elderly patients with BPH（P<0.05）．ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of u-PSA for predicting AUR was 0.897,which was higher than that of PV（P<0.05）．Conclusions u-PSA can be used as a quantitative evaluation index for AUR secondary to BPH in the elderly,which is conducive to early clinical screening and diagnosing,and taking targeted intervention measures to improve prognosis.

目的 探讨血清脂联素（ADPN）、糖类抗原125（CA125）及抗苗勒管激素（AMH）水平检测在多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）中的临床诊断价值。方法 选取2022年1月—2022年9月在东莞市中医院经鹿特丹诊断标准确诊的100例PCOS患者作为PCOS组;PCOS组通过测定患者体质量指数（BMI）是否大于28 kg/m²分为肥胖组和非肥胖组;测定患者的睾酮水平的高低是否大于80 ng/dL分为高雄激素组和非高雄激素组。另选身体健康、年龄与PCOS组相近的100名健康女性作为对照组。分别测定PCOS组和对照组的ADPN、CA125以及AMH,分析血清ADPN、CA125、AMH在PCOS患者中的检测价值。结果 POCS组的BMI、AMH、CA125、睾酮、ADPN与健康组比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,PCOS组的BMI、AMH、CA125、睾酮水平升高、ADPN水平降低。PCOS患者的CA125与AMH水平呈正相关（P<0.05）,ADPN与AMH无关（P>0.05）。结论 PCOS 患者血清CA125和AMH水平升高,ADPN水平降低。

Objective To explore the clinical diagnostic value of serum adiponectin（ADPN）,carbohydrate antigen 125（CA125）and anti-Mullerian hormone（AMH）levels in polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）．Method A total of 100 patients confirmed with PCOS in Dongguan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2022 to September 2022 were selected as the study subjects．All patients were diagnosed with PCOS according to the 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria,and served as the PCOS group．The PCOS group was divided into obese and non obese group by measuring the patient’s body mass index（BMI）whether was greater than 28 kg/m²．A high androgen group and a non high androgen group were determined by whether the patient’s testosterone level is greater than 80 ng/dL．A hundred healthy women of similar age were selected as the healthy control group．The levels of ADPN,CA125 and AMH were measured in the experimental and control group,and their detection value were analyzed．Results BMI,AMH,CA125,testosterone and ADPN in the POCS group were statistically different compared to the healthy group（P<0.05）．Compared with the PCOS group,the control group showed a significant increase in BMI,AMH,CA125 and testosterone levels,while the PCOS group showed a decrease in ADPN level．There was a positive correlation between CA125 and AMH in patients with PCOS,while there was no correlation between ADPN and AMH．Conclusions The levels of serum CA125 and AMH in PCOS patients significantly increased,while the level of ADPN decreased．The three indicators have good diagnostic value in PCOS and are worth promoting．

目的 探讨青春期多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清抗苗勒管激素(AMH)与25(OH)D₃水平的相关性。方法 本研究选择在2019年1月—2020年12月在我院妇科门诊就诊的PCOS青春期女性79名,另选择同期体检的非PCOS健康对照85名。对所有受试者测量身高、体质量,计算体质量指数(BMI)。由诊治医生检查研究对象是否有痤疮、多毛以及月经情况。抽取静脉血检测黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素、总睾酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮、抗苗勒管激素和 25(OH)D₃,将 25(OH)D₃分为不足[25(OH)D₃<30 ng/mL]和缺乏[25(OH)D₃<20 ng/mL]2组,对数据进行比较分析。结果 与健康对照组比较,PCOS组更容易发生月经稀发/闭经,其痤疮发生率较高(P值均<0.05)。体质量指数、AMH值、总睾酮和硫酸脱氢表雄酮的体内检出水平在PCOS组较高,而25(OH)D₃在PCOS组较低(P值均<0.05)。PCOS组的AMH与BMI和总睾酮呈正相关关系,与25(OH)D₃呈负相关关系(P值均<0.05)。25(OH)D₃缺乏组的AMH水平高于25(OH)D₃不足组,对照组和PCOS组的25(OH)D₃缺乏组的AMH水平均高于25(OH)D₃不足组,两两比较其差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。健康对照组的25(OH)D₃缺乏率为67.1%(57/85),而PCOS组的25(OH)D₃缺乏率为96.2%(76/79),2组比较其差异有统计学意义(χ²=22.68,P<0.001)。结论 青春期多囊卵巢综合征患者体内 25(OH)D₃水平与AMH 水平显著相关。AMH 和25(OH)D₃可用于评估青春期PCOS发病风险的替代指标。

Objective To explore the correlation between serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and 25(OH)D₃ levels in adolescent patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Seventy-nine adolescent girls with PCOS and 85 non-PCOS healthy controls who walked in the gynecological clinic of our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected. Height, weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated.Hirsutism, acne and menstruation were evaluated by doctors on all subjects. Venous blood was drawn to detect levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, AMH and 25(OH)D₃, 25(OH)D₃ was further divided into insufficient [25(OH)D₃<30 ng/mL] and deficient [25(OH)D₃<20 ng/mL]level, then all data were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results Compared with the healthy control group, the PCOS group was more prone to have oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, the incidence of acne was higher in PCOS group than in control group (all P values<0.05). BMI, the levels of AMH, total testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared to the control group, while 25(OH)D₃ was the opposite (all P values <0.05). AMH in the PCOS group was positively correlated with BMI and level of total testosterone, and negatively correlated with 25(OH)D₃ (all P values<0.05). The AMH level in the 25(OH)D₃ deficiency group was higher than that in the 25(OH)D₃ insufficient group, the AMH levels of the 25(OH)D₃ deficient group and control group were higher than that in the 25(OH)D₃ insufficient group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The 25(OH)D₃ deficiency rate in the healthy control group was 67.1% (57/85), while the 25(OH)D₃ deficiency rate in the PCOS group was 96.2% (76/79). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=22.68, P<0.001). Conclusions Serum 25(OH)D₃ level was an independent factor significantly associated with AMH level in adolescents with PCOS. AMH and 25(OH)D₃ levels may be used as surrogate markers of PCOS risk in adolescents.