Objective To explore the application effect of TBL teaching method in the construction of physiotherapy teaching resources library. Methods We selected 60 students from the 2013 and 2014 grades of rehabilitation therapy in our school respectively, who were used the traditional teaching method group and the experimental teaching method group. The traditional teaching method group adopted the traditional teaching method. The experimental teaching method group was based on the traditional teaching methods, and used TBL to participate in the construction of a teaching resource library. At the end of the semester, students will be assessed on practical skills, theoretical examinations, and questionnaire surveys. Results In the assessment of traction therapy, there was no significant difference in the performance of the two groups (P>0.05). The other experimental skills of the experimental teaching group were better than those of the traditional teaching group (p<0.05). Theoretical test scores of experimental teaching group are higher than the traditional one, and satisfaction with teaching is also higher than the latter. Conclusion Using TBL teaching method to build a library of physiotherapy teaching resources may not only improve the teaching effect, but also help to speed up the construction of practical teaching resources.