Objective To explore the influencing factors of hearing loss in newborns. Methods through screening, screening, diagnostic evaluation of 3 procedures to collect hearing loss in children, with 1:2 matching test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis in screening neonatal hearing loss risk factors. Results 20,661 cases of hearing loss in newborn screening, screening pass rate 88.99% (18386/20661); 2231 cases were re-screened for rescreening pass rate 96.51% (2153/2231); 78 patients who did not pass for rescreening ABR examination, diagnosed 59 cases of hearing loss, hearing loss incidence rate 2.86 ‰. Logistic regression analysis showed that neonatal facial congenital malformations (OR=3.435, 95%CI: 1.473~8009, P=0.004) and a family history of hearing loss (OR=2.681, 95%CI: 1.107~8.083, P=0.009) neonates with mild to moderate hearing loss is a risk factor; Neonatal facial congenital malformations (OR=2.213, 95%CI: 1.322~3.712, P=0.003), NICU care history (OR=1.524, 95%CI:1.358~1.714, P=0.005) and a family history of hearing loss (OR=8.954, 95%CI: 1.783~45.128, P=0.008) in neonates with severe and very severe hearing loss risk factors. Conclusion amniotic fluid anomalies neonatal cranial features mother, congenital malformation, NICU care history and hearing loss family is newborn hearing loss risk factors, should be taken to universal screening for early detection and appropriate intervention measures, reduce the incidence of neonatal hearing loss.