实体瘤对免疫治疗应答非常有限，因此，如何有效提升肿瘤免疫治疗的疗效，已成为当前肿瘤免疫治疗领域亟待解决的关键难题与挑战。髓系来源抑制性细胞（MDSCs）的趋化募集及其所介导的肿瘤免疫逃逸机制，是制约实体瘤免疫治疗效果的核心因素之一。文章深入探讨了MDSCs的起源、表型特征、其介导肿瘤免疫逃逸的具体机制，以及当前针对MDSCs的靶向治疗策略与将MDSCs靶向疗法与肿瘤免疫治疗相结合的最新研究进展。此外，文章还系统性地分析了靶向MDSCs联合免疫治疗策略所面临的关键挑战，并据此提出了MDSCs的精准靶向策略。这一策略旨在精确激活抗肿瘤免疫反应，为癌症患者提供更为个性化、高效的治疗方案，从而开启肿瘤免疫治疗领域的新纪元，为癌症治疗策略的创新与发展贡献力量。

  Solid tumors exhibit a very limited response to immunotherapy．Consequently，effectively enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a critical challenge and problem that urgently needs to be addressed in tumor immunotherapy．The chemotaxis and recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells（MDSCs）and the tumor immune evasionmechanisms mediated by them are one of the core factors that significantly restrict the efficacy of immunotherapy for solid tumors．In this review，we discuss the origins and phenotypic characteristics of MDSCs，the specific mechanisms by which they mediate tumor immune evasion，as well as current targeted therapeuticstrategies for MDSCs and the latest research progress in combining MDSC-targeted therapy with tumor immunotherapy．Furthermore，we  have  systematically analyzed the  key challenges faced by the combination of MDSC-targeted and immunotherapy strategies，and accordingly proposed a precise targeting strategyfor MDSCs．This strategy aims to precisely activate anti-tumor immune responses，providing more personalized and efficienttreatment options for cancer patients，thereby opening a new era in tumor immunotherapy and contributing to the innovation anddevelopment of cancer treatment strategies．