目的 总结本地区低龄婴儿侵袭性B族链球菌(GBS)感染的流行病学特点, 为临床预防和诊治提供指导。方法 对2012年1月—2015年12月广州地区两家三甲妇儿专科医院收治的0～89 d低龄婴儿侵袭性GBS感染病例进行回顾性分析。结果 研究期间两院共收治侵袭性GBS感染病例120例,2015年感染病例数为2012年的2.8倍,感染病例的发生无明显季节倾向。早发型感染以败血症合并肺炎(46.3%)为主,围产期多伴有一个或以上的高危因素,死亡率为7.4%;晚发型感染以败血症合并脑膜炎(占42.4%),多以发热为首发症状,其中42%伴有神经系统症状,14.6%遗留神经系统后遗症。结论 广州地区低龄婴儿侵袭性GBS感染病例呈逐年增加趋势,临床应重视新生儿GBS感染的预防,加强感染高风险新生儿的管理,及时诊治,改善预后。

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of invasive group B streptococcal (GBS) infection among infants during the past 4 years in Guangzhou, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Medical records of infants with invasive GBS infection from two tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou from January 2012 to December 2015 were reviewed. Results There were 120 infants with invasive GBS infections during the past 4 years in two tertiary hospitals, the number of patients increased from 2012 to 2015, and the occurrence of infectionshad no obvious seasonal tendencies. Among infants with EOD, the most common syndrome was sepsis complicated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory sign and at least one of perinatal risk factors were commonly recorded, and the mortality rate was 7.4%. By contrast, a higher proportion of late-onset cases manifested as sepsis associated with meningitis (42.4%), fever was the most common presentation and 42% LOD cases accompanied by neurological symptoms, 14.6% infants had neurological sequelae. Conclusion The number of GBS-infected infants increased during the past 4 years in Guangzhou. Relevant departments should pay attention to the prevention of neonatal GBS infection, strengthen the management of high risk newborns to improve the prognosis.