目的 分析雷替曲塞致药品不良反应(ADR)的特点及相关因素影响,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法 以“雷替曲塞”、“不良反应”、“raltitrexed”等为检索词,在中国期刊网全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文期刊数据库等检索近5年的文献,共纳入符合标准文献28篇进行整理,分析雷替曲塞所致ADR类型及在不同给药剂量、联合化疗或同步放疗及老年患者、特殊给药途径下ADR发生的特点。结果 雷替曲塞常见的ADR包括消化系统症状、中性粒细胞减少和转氨酶升高,而中性粒细胞减少和转氨酶升高对临床治疗影响较大。给药剂量对ADR影响较小,而联合放疗会增加骨髓抑制的风险;在两药联合化疗时,雷替曲塞与长春瑞滨联合致中性粒细胞减少的风险增加;雷替曲塞引起的转氨酶升高多为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,高龄(≥70 a)、肝转移对转氨酶升高影响不大。结论 雷替曲塞在不同治疗方案中的ADR发生存在差异,临床应用时应注意监测,防范严重和罕见ADR的发生。

Objective To Summarize the literature on adverse drug reactions(ADR) of Raltitrexed,in order to provide reference for the rational use of the drug in clinic. Methods Raltitrexed and adverse reaction were both used as key words to retrieve articles in CNKI and VIP database, 28literatures which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected and analyzed. The characteristics of ADR were analyzed indifferent dosage, combined chemotherapy or radiotherapy, elderly patients and using with special administration. Results The main adverse reactions of Raltitrexed in the treatment included digestive system symptoms, neutropenia and elevation of aminotransferase, and the latter two had a great influence on the clinical treatment.Combination with radiotherapy increased the risk of myelosuppression. Incidence of neutropenia in combination Raltitrexed with Vinorelbine was higher. Transaminase elevations were generally Ⅰ-Ⅱ grades. Age(≥70 a) and liver metastasis had little effected on transaminase increase. Conclusion There were differences in the occurrence of ADR in different therapeutic schemes. Attention should be paid to ADRs of Raltitrexed especially to monitoring and reporting rare and severe ADRs in clinic.