目的 探究血脂异常对左心室结构的影响及其与微循环损伤之间的关联。方法 将20只新西兰大白兔随机划分为血脂异常组和正常对照组。饲养8周后获取所有实验兔的离体心肌组织，测量左心室心肌结构评估指标（包括心肌质量、心腔内径大小以及室壁厚度）和病理学指标（心肌微血管密度和胶原体积百分比）；另外，通过对心肌组织氧化应激标记物的测定，评估实验兔心肌组织中一氧化氮（NO）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）以及丙二醛（MDA）等生化指标。结果 对于左心室结构指标，血脂异常组的左心室心肌质量及室间隔厚度较正常对照组显著增加（P均＜0.001）；对于组织病理学指标，血脂异常组的心肌微血管密度显著降低，而胶原体积百分比则显著升高（P均＜0.001）。对于生化指标，血脂异常组NO、SOD以及GSH-Px水平均显著降低，MDA水平显著升高（P均＜0.001）。室间隔厚度与心肌组织胶原体积百分比、MDA水平呈正相关，与心肌组织微血管密度、NO、SOD、以及GSH-Px水平呈负相关（P均＜0.001）。与正常对照组对比，血脂异常组心肌组织出现明显脂肪变性、炎细胞浸润以及心肌纤维组织增生、排列紊乱。结论 血脂异常可导致新西兰大白兔左心室不良重塑，且与心肌微循环损伤之间存在密切关联，这提示血脂异常早期防控可能有助于改善心血管事件不良预后。

      Objective To explore the impact of dyslipidemia on left ventricular（LV） structure and its association with myocardial microcirculatory injury．Methods Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the dyslipidemia group and the normal control group．After 8 weeks of feeding，the isolated myocardial tissues of all experimental rabbits were obtained．The LV myocardial structure assessment indicators（including myocardial mass，heart cavity diameter and ventricular wall thickness） and pathological indicators（myocardial microvascular density and collagen volume fraction［CVF］） were measured．Additionally，the biochemical indicators such as nitric oxide（NO），superoxide dismutase（SOD），glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） and malondialdehyde（MDA） in the myocardial tissues of the experimental rabbits were evaluated by measuring the oxidative stress markers in the myocardial tissues．Results For the LV structural indicators，the myocardial mass and interventricular septal thickness in the dyslipidemia group were significantly increased compared with the normal control group（P＜0.001 for both）．For the histopathological indicators，the myocardial microvascular density in the dyslipidemia group was significantly decreased，while the CVF was significantly increased（P＜0.001 for both）．For the biochemical indicators，the levels of NO，SOD，and GSH-Px in the dyslipidemia group were significantly decreased，while the MDA level was significantly increased（P＜0.001 for all）．The interventricular septal thickness was positively correlated with the CVF and MDA level in myocardial tissue，and negatively correlated with the myocardial microvascular density，NO，SOD，and GSH-Px levels（P＜0.001 for all）．Compared with the normal control group，the myocardial tissue in the dyslipidemia group showed obvious fatty degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration，as well as myocardial fibrous tissue hyperplasia and disordered arrangement．Conclusions Dyslipidemia can lead to adverse LV remodeling in New Zealand white rabbits and is closely related to myocardial microcirculatory injury．This suggests that early prevention and control of dyslipidemia may help improve the poor prognosis of cardiovascular events．

目的 了解血脂异常在青少年人群中的分布及影响因素。方法 以江门市棠下中学1 449名学生为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查、InBody人体成分仪检测和实验室检查。结果 血脂异常总检出率是8.3%,高胆固醇(TC)、高甘油三脂(TG)、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)血症的检出率分别为8.3%、7.8%、10.6%和7.2%,女生血脂异常检出率(26.4%)高于男生(19.8%)(P<0.001);多因素分析显示性别(参照男性,OR=1.39,95%CI=1.08~1.80)和体脂百分比(参照正常组,超重、肥胖和重度肥胖组OR和95%CI分别OR = 1.62 / 2.89 / 4.45,95% CI = 1.13~2.32 / 1.85~4.51 / 2.48~7.96)与血脂异常间存在统计学关联(P<0.05)。结论 性别、体脂百分比是青少年血脂异常的影响因素。相对于青少年男生,青少年女生检出血脂异常的比例更高,体脂百分比高的青少年血脂异常的风险更高。

Objective To study the distribution and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among teenagers. Methods A questionnaire survey,InBody body composition test and laboratory examination were conducted on 1 449 students from the Tangxia Middle School in Jiangmen city as study objects. Results The total detection rate of dyslipidemia was 8.3% and the detection rates of high total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were 8.3%,7.8%,10.6% and 7.2%,respectively. The detection rate of dyslipidemia among teenage girls (26.4%) was higher than that among teenage boys (19.8%) (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that gender (with reference to male,OR=1.39,95%CI=1.08-1.80) and body fat percentage (with reference to normal group,for overweight,obesity and severe obesity groups,OR=1.62,2.89,4.45 and 95%CI=1.13-2.32,1.85-4.51,2.48-7.96,respectively) were statistically related to dyslipidemia (P<0.05). Conclusion Gender and body fat percentage are the influencing factors of dyslipidemia among teenagers. Compared with teenage boys,the teenage girls have a higher detection percentage of dyslipidemia. Teenagers with higher percentage of body fat show a higher risk of dyslipidemia.

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染与不同年龄段健康体检人群中血脂异常发病率的相关性。方法 在健康体检人群中开展¹³C尿素呼气试验及血脂等检测,对比不同年龄段人群中HP感染率,研究HP感染与年龄及血脂异常的相关性。结果 不同年龄段人群之间的HP感染率无差异。HP阳性组的血脂异常患病率在30岁后的每个年龄段内均高于HP阴性人群,在60～69岁阶段两组人群差异最明显,血脂异常的发生率分别为74.29%vs 26.15%。结论 HP的感染与血脂异常相关,HP阳性组人群血脂异常患病率随年龄增高而增高的趋势较HP阴性组更加明显。