乳酸以往被视为不具备生物学功能的代谢废物。随着人们对乳酸的深入研究,发现乳酸有多种作用。乳酸化修饰是近期发现一种与乳酸有关的蛋白质翻译后修饰过程。乳酸化修饰主要有两种,一种是与乳酸相关的直接修饰,另外一种是与丙酮酸相关的间接修饰。这两种乳酸化修饰均可能受到糖酵解、乳酸转运与堆积、蛋白质串扰以及神经系统等多方面的调控。乳酸化修饰可以通过直接或间接修饰组蛋白或非组蛋白,从而在肿瘤组织的代谢重编程、增殖、迁移及免疫逃逸中发挥着重要作用。乳酸化修饰的深入研究,有望为肿瘤的诊断和治疗开辟新的路径。因此,为了明确乳酸化修饰在肿瘤方面的研究进展,本文就蛋白乳酸化修饰的分子机制及其在肿瘤中作用的研究进展作一综述。

       Lactic acid was previously regarded as a metabolic waste product with no biological function. As lactic acid has been intensively studied, it has been found to have multiple roles. Lactation modification is a recently discovered protein post-translational modification process related to lactic acid. There are two main types of lactation modification：one is direct modification related to lactic acid and the other is indirect modification related to pyruvate. Both types of lactation modification may be regulated by various aspects such as glycolysis, lactate transport and accumulation, protein crosstalk, and the nervous system. Lactation modification can play an important role in metabolic reprogramming, proliferation, migration, and immune escape of tumor tissues by directly or indirectly modifying histones or non-histone proteins. The in-depth study of lactation modification is expected to find new pathways for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, in order to clarify the research progress of lactation modification in tumors, this paper presents a review on the molecular mechanism of protein lactation modification and the research progress of its role in tumors.