纳米材料在肾脏中的应用与清除机制

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8535.2023.01.001

广州医药 ›› 2023, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8535.2023.01.001

纳米材料在肾脏中的应用与清除机制

祁禹鸣, 徐铭泽, 杜步婕

华南理工大学附属第二医院,广州市第一人民医院(广州 510180)

收稿日期:2022-10-19 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-02-07
通讯作者: 杜步婕,E-mail:eydubj@scut.edu.cn
作者简介:杜步婕,研究员,博士生导师。2014年于北京理工大学获得化学理学学士;2019年于美国德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校获得化学博士学位;同年进入美国麻省理工学院Koch癌症综合研究所开展博士后研究。2021年12月加入广州市第一人民医院,任特聘研究员。杜步婕长期致力于纳米材料与生物体界面作用的研究以及疾病早期诊断与治疗的应用,至今以第一作者身份在Nat. Nanotech、Nat.Rev.Mater、Angew.Chem.Int.Ed. 等杂志发表多篇论文。目前作为负责人主持国家海外高层次人才青年项目、国家自然科学基金面上项目。任《广州医药》杂志编委。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32271434);广州市第一人民医院科研启动项目(KY09060001)

Application and clearance mechanism of nanomaterials in the kidney

QI Yuming, XU Mingze, DU Bujie

Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China

Received:2022-10-19 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-02-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 纳米材料作为一种新兴材料,在疾病诊断与治疗中拥有极大的应用潜力。为平衡纳米材料的生物活性和生物毒性之间的关系,清楚了解纳米材料在体内的清除机制和清除速率至关重要。其中,肾脏,作为人体重要的清除器官,直接影响纳米材料从血液清除到尿液的速率,进而影响其在生物体内的血液循环、肿瘤靶向效率和体内滞留等系列问题,最终影响其临床应用。基于近年来已报道的关于纳米材料与肾脏相互作用的诸多研究,本文系统介绍了肾脏结构、纳米材料在肾脏中的传输机制、理化性质对其肾脏清除效率的影响以及纳米材料在肾脏疾病诊疗中的应用。本文有望为精准纳米医学的发展以及纳米材料未来的临床转化起到促进作用。

关键词: 纳米材料, 肾脏, 清除机制, 早期诊断

Abstract: Nanomaterials, as emerging materials, show great promise for the detection, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Fully understanding their elimination pathway and clearance efficiency is important to better balance the bioactivity and biotoxicity of nanomaterials. Kidneys, as a major organ, play a key role in the clearance of nanomaterials from blood to urine. The clearance rate of nanomaterials in the kidneys directly affects their blood circulation, retention in the body and tumor targeting efficiency as well as final clinical applications. Based on current understanding of nano-bio interactions of nanomaterials in the kidneys, in this review, we introduced the kidney structure and elimination mechanism of nanomaterials in the kidneys. Then, how the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials affect their renal clearance efficiency are summarized. Finally, their applications in the kidney disease detection and treatment are presented. The basic understanding of nano-bio interactions of nanomaterials in the kidneys would promote the development of precise nanomedicine and their future clinical translation.

Key words: nanomaterials, kidney, clearance mechanism, early diagnosis

祁禹鸣, 徐铭泽, 杜步婕. 纳米材料在肾脏中的应用与清除机制[J]. 广州医药, 2023, 54(1): 1-10.

QI Yuming, XU Mingze, DU Bujie. Application and clearance mechanism of nanomaterials in the kidney[J]. Guangzhou Medical Journal, 2023, 54(1): 1-10.

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纳米材料在肾脏中的应用与清除机制

Application and clearance mechanism of nanomaterials in the kidney

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