广州医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (2): 188-194.DOI: 10.20223/j.cnki.1000-8535.2026.02.009

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱前期、衰弱现状调查及影响因素分析

吴旗1, 张琼霄2, 谢青梅2, 陈翠萍2, 杨英2, 卓姝妤2, 邹丹2, 许一宁2   

  1. 1 赣南医科大学护理学院(江西赣州 341000);
    2 华南理工大学附属第二医院(广州市第一人民医院)护理部(广东广州 510180)
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-14 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 许一宁,E-mail:785333280@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(20231A010010)

Status of preoperative weakness and influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoporotic fracture

WU Qi1, ZHANG Qiongxiao2, XIE Qingmei2, CHEN Cuiping2, YANG Ying2, ZHOU Shuyu2, ZOU Dan2, XU Yining2   

  1. 1 School of Nursing,Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou 341000,China;
    2 Nursing Department,Guangzhou First People's Hospital,the Second Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510180,China
  • Received:2025-05-14 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-04-03

摘要: 目的 调查老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱现况,并分析影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,2024年11月—2025年3月,选取于广州市某三甲医院骨科住院的207例老年脆性骨折患者,使用一般资料调查表、简易衰弱评估量表、简版流调中心抑郁量表、广泛性焦虑量表和营养风险筛查量表2002开展问卷调查。采用有序分类Logistic回归,分析老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱的影响因素。结果 207例老年脆性骨折患者的术前衰弱前期占48.3%,衰弱发生率为23.2%。有序分类Logistic 回归分析结果显示年龄(OR=1.131)、睡眠差(OR=2.557)、合并3种及以上慢性病(OR=3.990)、抑郁(OR=3.296)、营养不良风险(OR=4.005)为老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱的危险因素,BMI正常(OR=0.206)是保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论 老年脆性骨折患者年龄,睡眠情况,多种共病,抑郁,存在营养不良风险及BMI影响其术前衰弱水平,重视衰弱的筛查及早期干预,提升患者治疗效果和生活质量。

关键词: 老年患者, 脆性骨折, 术前, 衰弱, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the preoperative frailty status and influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures.Methods Using convenience sampling,207 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures admitted to the orthopedic department of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from November 2024 to March 2025 were selected.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Frail Scale,the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D-10),the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7),and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002).Logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing preoperative frailty.Results Among 207 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures,the incidence of early stages of frailty was 48.3%,and the incidence of frailty was 23.2%.Logistic regression analysis revealed the following risk factors for preoperative frailty:age(OR=1.131),poor sleep quality(OR=2.557),multiple chronic comorbidities(OR=3.990),depression(OR=3.296),nutritional risk(OR=4.005).Normal body mass index(OR=0.206)was a protective factor.Conclusions Advanced age,poor sleep quality,multiple chronic comorbidities,depression,nutritional risk and body mass index are associated with frailty in elderly osteoporotic fracture patients.Health care providers should pay attention to frailty screening and early intervention,which can reverse or delay the progression of frailty and improve the treatment effect and quality of life of patients.

Key words: elderly patients, osteoporotic fractures, preoperative, weak, influencing factors