分析护理专业学生死亡态度的潜在类别及其影响因素

doi:10.20223/j.cnki.1000-8535.2025.06.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析护生死亡态度的潜在类别及其影响因素,为开设符合我国国情的死亡教育课程提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取唐山市高校护生为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、死亡态度描绘量表进行调查,基于潜在剖面分析护生死亡态度的类别及不同类别的影响因素。结果共发放问卷520份,回收问卷516份,回收率为99.23%,剔除无效问卷11份,有效回收率为97.87%。护生死亡态度描绘量表得分为（96.91±13.20）分,经过剖面分析可划分为死亡态度积极-自然接受型（63.60%）和死亡态度消极-恐惧死亡型（36.40%）2个潜在类别。Logistic回归分析结果显示,陪伴临终亲友、未接触过死亡相关场所、半年内有亲友离世的护生属于死亡态度消极-恐惧死亡型的概率较大,自身性格偏外向、研究生学历的护生属于死亡态度积极-自然接受型的概率较大（均P<0.05）。结论护生死亡态度存在明显的分类特征,可分为死亡态度积极-自然接受型和死亡态度消极-恐惧死亡型2个潜在类别;相关院校可针对不同类别特征的护生开设死亡教育相关课程,以期帮助护生更深刻地认识死亡,树立科学死亡观。

关键词: 护生, 死亡态度描绘, 潜在剖面分析, 心理护理, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the potential categories and influencing factors of nursing students' death attitude,to provide reference for setting up death education courses in line with China's situation. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select nursing students in Tangshan．General data questionnaire and death attitude description scale were used to investigate the categories of nursing students' death attitude and their influencing factors based on latent profiles．Results A total of 520 questionnaires were sent out and 516 were collected with a rate of 99.23%．Eleven invalid questionnaires were excluded with an effective rate of 97.87%．The score of the death attitude description scale of nursing students was（96.91±13.20）,which could be divided into two potential categories：positive death attitude - natural acceptance type（51.49%）and negative death attitude - fear type（48.51%）after profile analysis．Logistic regression analysis showed that nursing students who accompanied their dying relatives and friends,had no visit to death-related places,and had relatives and friends who died within six months had a higher probability of negative death attitude - fear of death,while nursing students with extrovert personality and graduate degree had a higher probability of positive death attitude - natural acceptance（all P<0.05）．Conclusions There were obvious classification characteristics of nursing students' attitude towards death,which can be divided into two latent categories：positive attitude towards death - natural acceptance type and negative attitude towards death - fear type．Relevant colleges and universities can set up death education courses for nursing students with different characteristics,in order to help nursing students have a deeper understanding of death and establish a scientific view of death．

Key words: nursing students, death attitude depiction, latent profile analysis, psychological nursing, influencing factor

唐启群, 于杰, 张涵飞, 胡惠菊, 王宇昕. 分析护理专业学生死亡态度的潜在类别及其影响因素[J]. 广州医药, 2025, 56(6): 836-842.

TANG Qiqun, YU Jie, ZHANG Hanfei, HU Huiju, WANG Yuxin. Latent categories and influencing factors analysis of nursing students' attitudes towards death[J]. Guangzhou Medical Journal, 2025, 56(6): 836-842.

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