关键词: 小细胞低色素性贫血, 地中海贫血, 铁缺乏症, 缺铁性贫血, 小细胞低色素症, 学龄前儿童

Abstract: Objective To analyze the causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia in preschool children in Heyuan City. Methods A total of 287 cases with microcytic hypochromic anemia were selected in our hospital. The indexes of hematology, serum ferritin were detected and genetic testing for thalassemia was performed. Results Through genetic analysis, 127 of 287 cases of microcytic hypochromic anemia were confirmed with α-thalassaemia,48 cases with β-thalassaemia,2 cases with compound α/β-thalassaemia and 83 cases with iron deficiency (20 thalassemia cases and 45 iron deficiency anemia cases). Thalassaemia detection rate was 61.67%, iron deficiency detection rate was 21.95%. Conclusion Thalassaemia was the main reason of microcytic hypochromic anemia in preschool children in Heyuan City, followed by iron deficiency. The mild anemia was the main type among all age groups, children aged 0.5-3 had higher iron deficiency rate. The main type of α-thalassaemia was --^SEA/αα, the main type of β-thalassaemia was βIVS-II-654/β^N and the main type of microcytic hypochromic was static type.

Key words: microcytic hypochromic anemia, thalassemia, iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, microcytic hypochromia, preschool children