广州医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 1693-1699.DOI: 10.20223/j.cnki.1000-8535.2025.12.011

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2023年广西某三级综合医院法定传染病疫情分析

覃洁芳1, 周素芳2, 谭东玲3, 覃月超4, 张昕奇5, 廖良艳1, 李欢1, 林燕兰1, 赖龙业5   

  1. 1 梧州市工人医院医务部(广西梧州 543001)
    2 梧州市工人医院预防保健科(广西梧州 543001)
    3 梧州市工人医院门诊部(广西梧州 543001)
    4 梧州市工人医院医学检验科(广西梧州 543001)
    5 梧州市工人医院法监科(广西梧州 543001)
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2026-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 谭东玲,E-mail:980762085@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    梧州市科技计划项目(202102056)

Analysis of notifiable infectious diseases in a class Ⅲ general hospital in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023

QIN Jiefang1, ZHOU Sufang2, TAN Dongling3, QIN Yuechao4, ZHANG Xinqi5, LIAO Liangyan1, LI Huan1, LIN Yanlan1, LAI Longye5   

  1. 1 Medical Department,Wuzhou Gongren Hospital,Wuzhou 543001,China
    2 Department of Preventive Health Care,Wuzhou Gongren Hospital,Wuzhou 543001,China
    3 Outpatient Department,Wuzhou Gongren Hospital,Wuzhou 543001,China
    4 Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wuzhou Gongren Hospital,Wuzhou 543001,China
    5 Legal Supervision Department,Wuzhou Gongren Hospital,Wuzhou 543001,China
  • Received:2025-02-17 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2026-01-20

摘要: 目的 对2014—2023年广西梧州市某三级综合医院法定传染病疫情及流行病学特征进行分析,为地市级医院制定传染病防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法和Excel软件对该院法定传染病报告数据进行统计分析。结果 2014—2023年该院共报告法定传染病29 569例,其中,无甲类传染病报告,乙类传染病12 375例(41.85%),丙类传染病15 479例(52.35%),其他需监测报告的传染病1 715例(5.80%)。报告病例数排前4位的传染病依次为手足口病6 726例(22.75%)、感染性腹泻病6 451例(21.82%)、病毒性肝炎5 539例(18.73%)、肺结核3 552例(12.01%)。报告病例数在2014—2017年逐年增加,2017—2023年传染病报告病例降升交替,每年发病高峰期主要集中在5—10月;男性报告病例多于女性,男女之比为1.64:1;0~10岁年龄段病例最多(46.89%),其次为40~60岁(26.91%);职业分布集中于散居儿童(33.90%)、农民和牧民(18.08%)、工人和民工(9.47%)及幼托儿童(8.48%);患者主要来自梧州市(79.17%)、广东省(17.34%)。传播途径构成比从高到低依次为肠道传染病(46.38%)、呼吸道传染病(26.03%)、血液及性传播传染病(24.92%)、其他传染病(2.66%)。结论 手足口病、感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、肺结核是该院传染病防治工作的重点,其中尤其要注重儿童手足口病和感染性腹泻病的预防,根据不同季节、疾病流行趋势,采取有针对性的传染病防控策略。

关键词: 综合医院, 法定传染病, 疫情, 防控

Abstract: Objective To analyzed the epidemic and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in a class Ⅲ general hospital in Guangxi Wuzhou from 2014 to 2023,to provide scientific basis for municipal hospitals to formulate infectious disease prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method and Excel were used to sort out and analyze the data.Results From 2014 to 2023,there were 29 569 cases of notifiable infectious diseases,with category B infectious diseases 12 375 cases(41.85%),category C infectious diseases 15 479 cases(52.35%),and others diseases 1 715 cases(5.80%).No category A infectious diseases were reported.The top 4 infectious diseases were 6 726 cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)(22.75%),6 451 cases of infectious diarrhea(21.82%),5 539 cases of viral hepatitis(18.73%)and 3 552 cases of tuberculosis(12.01%).The number of reported cases increased year by year from 2014 to 2017,and the reported cases of infectious diseases decreased and increased alternately from 2017 to 2023,with the annual peak period mainly presented from May to October.Males reported cases were more than females,the ratio of males to females was 1.64:1.The number of cases between 0 to 10 years old was the highest(46.89%),followed by 40-60 years old(26.91%).The occupational distribution was concentrated in scattered children(33.90%),farmers and herdsmen(18.08%),workers and migrant workers(9.47%)and children in childcare(8.48%).The patients were mainly from Wuzhou City(79.17%)and Guangdong Province(17.34%).The composition ratio of transmission route from high to low was as follows:intestinal infectious diseases accounted for 46.38%,respiratory tract infectious diseases accounted for 26.03%,blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases accounted for 24.92%,and other infectious diseases accounted for 2.66%.Conclusions HFMD,infectious diarrhea,viral hepatitis and tuberculosis are the focus of the hospital's infectious disease prevention and control work,especially the prevention of HFMD and infectious diarrhea in children,and the prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases are adopted according to different seasons and epidemic trends.

Key words: general hospital, notifiable infectious diseases, epidemic, prevention and control