转录组的重编写：腺苷到肌苷RNA碱基在肿瘤进展中的作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8535.2024.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 腺苷至肌苷RNA编辑（AIRE）是指转录前体RNA在腺苷酸脱氨酶的作用下,某些位点的腺苷发生脱氨反应转变成肌苷的过程,在碱基配对时,肌苷被识别作鸟苷,导致转录组重编写。随着高通量测序技术的不断进步,大量异常的AIRE被发现可导致氨基酸编码改变、RNA剪切异常以及microRNA-mRNA重定向等过程,从而参与肿瘤的发生发展。绝大部分的AIRE位点均位于基因非编码区,解析它们的生物学功能仍存在一定的挑战。本综述旨在描述AIRE的生物学机制和AIRE位点在不同肿瘤发生发展作用的进展,为AIRE与肿瘤的研究提供思路。

关键词: 腺苷到肌苷RNA编辑, 癌症, 生物学机制

Abstract: Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing（AIRE）is catalysed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA（ADARs）,which converts adenosine to inosine in nascent RNA．Since inosine is recognized as guanosine in post-transcriptional process,AIRE is functionally approximate to an A-to-G mutation and results in transcriptome recoding．With the continuous advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology,a large number of abnormal AIRE events have been found to exert different biological mechanisms such as amino acid changes,RNA splicing abnormalities and microRNA-mRNA redirection,which plays an important role in the development of human tumorigenesis．Most of AIRE sites are located in non-coding region,which brings challenges in analyzing their biological functions．This review aims to describe the biological mechanisms of AIRE and the relationship between AIRE sites and the development of different tumor types,providing ideas for the study of AIRE and tumors．

Key words: adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing, cancer, biological mechanism

唐人宇, 杨瑞丰, 伍健雄, 邓培妍, 杨磊. 转录组的重编写：腺苷到肌苷RNA碱基在肿瘤进展中的作用[J]. 广州医药, 2024, 55(2): 106-115.

TANG Renyu, YANG Ruifeng, WU Jianxiong, DENG Peiyan, YANG Lei. Transcriptome reprogramming：The role of adenosine-to-inosine RNA bases in tumor progression[J]. Guangzhou Medical Journal, 2024, 55(2): 106-115.

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